This book combines the knowledge of experts from both academia and the software industry to present theories of multiphysics simulation by design for electrical machines, power electronics, and drives. The comprehensive design approach described within supports new applications required by technologies sustaining high drive efficiency. The highlighted framework considers the electric machine at the heart of the entire electric drive. The book also emphasizes the simulation by design concept--a concept that frames the entire highlighted design methodology, which is described and illustrated by various advanced simulation technologies.

Multiphysics Simulation by Design for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives begins with the basics of electrical machine design and manufacturing tolerances. It also discusses fundamental aspects of the state of the art design process and includes examples from industrial practice. It explains FEM-based analysis techniques for electrical machine design--providing details on how it can be employed in ANSYS Maxwell software. In addition, the book covers advanced magnetic material modeling capabilities employed in numerical computation; thermal analysis; automated optimization for electric machines; and power electronics and drive systems. This valuable resource:

Delivers the multi-physics know-how based on practical electric machine design methodologies
Provides an extensive overview of electric machine design optimization and its integration with power electronics and drives
Incorporates case studies from industrial practice and research and development projects

Multiphysics Simulation by Design for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives is an incredibly helpful book for design engineers, application and system engineers, and technical professionals. It will also benefit graduate engineering students with a strong interest in electric machines and drives.

Autorentext

Marius Rosu, PhD, is Lead Product Manager for the Electromechanical Product Line at Electronic Business Unit (EBU) of ANSYS Inc., USA. Ping Zhou, PhD, FIEEE, is Director of Research and Development at Electronic Business Unit (EBU) of ANSYS Inc., USA. Dingsheng Lin, PhD, is a Principal Research and Development Engineer at Electronic Business Unit (EBU) of ANSYS Inc., USA. Dan Ionel, PhD, FIEEE, is Professor of Electrical Engineering and L. Stanley Pigman Chair in Power at University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. Mircea Popescu, PhD, FIEEE, is Head of Engineering of Motor Design Ltd., U.K., a company that develops software for the analysis and design of electrical machines. Frede Blaabjerg, PhD, FIEEE, is a Professor in Power Electronics and Villum Investigator the Department of Energy Technology at Aalborg University, Denmark. Vandana Rallabandi, PhD, is a Post-doctoral Researcher in the SPARK Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. David Staton, PhD, is President and Founder of Motor Design Ltd, UK, a company that develops software for the analysis and design of electrical machines.

Inhalt
PREFACE vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv

**CHAPTER 1 BASICS OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING TOLERANCES 1
**Marius Rosu, Mircea Popescu, and Dan M. Ionel

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Generic Design Flow 3

1.3 Basic Design and How to Start 4

1.4 Efficiency Map 16

1.5 Thermal Constraints 19

1.6 Robust Design and Manufacturing Tolerances 22

References 42

**CHAPTER 2 FEM-BASED ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN 45
**Ping Zhou and Dingsheng Lin

2.1 T Formulation 45

2.2 Field-Circuit Coupling 56

2.3 Fast AC Steady-State Algorithm 70

2.4 High Performance ComputingTime Domain Decomposition 82

2.5 Reduced Order Modeling 93

References 106

**CHAPTER 3 MAGNETIC MATERIAL MODELING 109
**Dingsheng Lin and Ping Zhou

3.1 Shape Preserving Interpolation of BH Curves 109

3.2 Nonlinear Anisotropic Model 115

3.3 Dynamic Core Loss Analysis 125

3.4 Vector Hysteresis Model 137

3.5 Demagnetization of Permanent Magnets 150

References 162

**CHAPTER 4 THERMAL PROBLEMS IN ELECTRICAL MACHINES 165
**Mircea Popescu and David Staton

4.1 Introduction 165

4.2 Heat Extraction Through Conduction 167

4.3 Heat Extraction Through Convection 170

4.4 Heat Extraction Through Radiation 186

4.5 Cooling Systems Summary 188

4.6 Thermal Network Based on Lumped Parameters 188

4.7 Analytical Thermal Network Analysis 192

4.8 Thermal Analysis Using Finite Element Method 193

4.9 Thermal Analysis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics 195

4.10 Thermal Parameters Determination 200

4.11 Losses in Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines 202

4.12 Cooling Systems 210

4.13 Cooling Examples 214

References 218

**CHAPTER 5 AUTOMATED OPTIMIZATION FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES 223
**Dan M. Ionel and Vandana Rallabandi

5.1 Introduction 223

5.2 Formulating an Optimization Problem 224

5.3 Optimization Methods 226

5.4 Design of Experiments and Response Surface Methods 228

5.5 Differential Evolution 233

5.6 First Example: Optimization of an Ultra High Torque Density PM Motor for Formula E Racing Cars: Selection of Best Compromise Designs 234

5.7 Second Example: Single Objective Optimization of a Range of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSMS) Rated Between 1 kW and 1 MW Derivation of Design Proportions and Recommendations 238

5.8 Third Example: Two- and Three-Objective Function Optimization of a Synchronous Reluctance (SYNREL) and PM Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor 241

5.9 Fourth Example: Multi-Objective Optimization of PM Machines Combining DOE and DE Methods 245

5.10 Summary 248

References 248

**CHAPTER 6 POWER ELECTRONICS AND DRIVE SYSTEMS 251
**Frede Blaabjerg, Francesco Iannuzzo, and Lorenzo Ceccarelli

6.1 Introduction 251

6.2 Power Electronic Devices 253

6.3 Circuit-Level Simulation of Drive Systems 264

6.4 Multiphysics Design Challenges 274

References 281

INDEX 283