The World Wide Web is now deeply intertwined with our lives, and has become a catalyst for a data deluge, making vast amounts of data available online, at a click of a button. With Web 2.0, users are no longer passive consumers, but active publishers and curators of data. Hence, from science to food manufacturing, from data journalism to personal well-being, from social media to art, there is a strong interest in provenance, a description of what influenced an artifact, a data set, a document, a blog, or any resource on the Web and beyond. Provenance is a crucial piece of information that can help a consumer make a judgment as to whether something can be trusted. Provenance is no longer seen as a curiosity in art circles, but it is regarded as pragmatically, ethically, and methodologically crucial for our day-to-day data manipulation and curation activities on the Web. Following the recent publication of the PROV standard for provenance on the Web, which the two authors actively help shape in the Provenance Working Group at the World Wide Web Consortium, this Synthesis lecture is a hands-on introduction to PROV aimed at Web and linked data professionals. By means of recipes, illustrations, a website at www.provbook.org, and tools, it guides practitioners through a variety of issues related to provenance: how to generate provenance, publish it on the Web, make it discoverable, and how to utilize it. Equipped with this knowledge, practictioners will be in a position to develop novel applications that can bring open-ness, trust, and accountability. Table of Contents: Preface / Acknowledgments / Introduction / A Data Journalism Scenario / The PROV Ontology / Provenance Recipes / Validation, Compliance, Quality, Replay / Provenance Management / Conclusion / Bibliography / Authors' Biographies / Index

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Professor Luc Moreau is Deputy Head (Research and Enterprise) of Electronics and Computer Science (ECS), and a member of the Web and Internet Science (WAIS) group, at the Univer sity of Southampon. He has a long-standing interest in large-scale, open, distributed systems. More recently, he initiated the field of provenance in distributed heterogeneous systems. After launching the International Provenance and Annotation Workshop (IPAW ) series in 2006, he instigated and led the highly successful Provenance Challenge, an activity that took place three times, to investigate the interoperability of provenance systems. is has involved over 20 teams across the world, from academia and industry, including a mix of disciplines from end users to technologists. It resulted in the Open Provenance Model (OPM) specification, a model with a growing community adoption, and a key driver for a follow-on standardization activity. en, Luc Moreau co-chaired the W3C Provenance Working Group, and co-edited three recommendations related to the W3C PROV provenance model Paul Groth is an assistant professor in the Web & Media Group at the VU University of Amsterdam and a member of its Network Institute. He holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Southampton (2007) and has done research at the University of South ern California. His research focuses on dealing with large amounts of diverse contextualized knowledge with a particular focus on the web and e-Science applications. is includes re search in data provenance, web science, knowledge integration and knowledge sharing. He has over over 60 publications in these areas. Paul is an active member of the Semantic Web and provenance communities serving on numerous program and organization committees. Paul co chaired the W3C Provenance Working Group. Currently, he is lead architect of Open PHACTS (http://www.openphacts.org) - a project to develop a provenance-enabled platform for phar macological data integration. H