Maintaining and improving energy security is one of the biggest challenges worldwide. The NATO ARW conference in Tashkent, October 2012, was devoted to discussing visions and concepts that are currently discussed in different research fields. Leading scientists have written concise contributions to introduce the reader to this exciting topic. The present volume summarizes the discussions at the conference.

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On the Finite-Size Excitonic Instability in Interacting Graphene Quantum Dots; T. Paananen, E. Egger.- Two-Dimensional Lattice Fermions with Random Gap; A. Hill, K. Ziegler.- Dielectric Constant and Screened Interactions in AA Stacked Bilayer Graphene; L. Brey.- Graphene Bloch Equations; T. Winzer et al.- Transport through a Coulomb Blockaded Majorana Nanowire; A. Zazunov et al.- On the Electron-Phonon Interactions in Graphene; B. Kandemir.- Tunneling Conductance in Correlated Graphenes; J. Hong.- Landau Levels and Edge States in Graphene with Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling; A. De Martino et al.- Wave Packet Propagation through Randomly Distributed Scattering Centers in Graphene; K. Rakhimov et al.- Are Scattering Properties of Networks Uniquely Connected to their Shapes?; O. Hul et al.- Particle Dynamics in Kicked Quantum Networks; V. Eshniyozov et al.- Breathing Star Graph; D. Matrasulov et al.- Time-Independent Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation on Simplest Networks; K. Sabirov et al.- 1/(N - 1) Expansion for an SU(N) Impurity Anderson Model: a New Large-N Scheme Based on a Perturbation Theory in U; A. Oguri et al.- OPV Tandems with CNTS - Why are Parallel Connections better than Series Connections; K. Mielczarek et al.- Optimization of Carrier Harvest in Meg Based Hybrid Solar Cells; N. Turaeva et al.- Thermoelectric Nanowire Arrays Response to Illumination; T. Huber et al.- Special Features of Thermoelectric Phenomena in Granulated Semiconductors; K. Ashurov et al.- Thermoelectricity in Ternary Rare-Earth Systems; V. Nikiforov et al.- Simulation of Random Telegraph Noise in Nanometer nMosfet Induced by Interface and Oxide Trapped Charge; A. Atamuratov et al.- Anyon Bosonized 2D Fermions or a Single Boson Physics of Cuprates: Experimental Evidences; B. Abdullaev.