With a mixture of theory, examples, and well-integrated figures, Embedded Software for the IoT helps the reader understand the details in the technologies behind the devices used in the Internet of Things. It provides an overview of IoT, parameters of designing an embedded system, and good practice concerning code, version control and defect-tracking needed to build and maintain a connected embedded system.

After presenting a discussion on the history of the internet and the word wide web the book introduces modern CPUs and operating systems. The author then delves into an in-depth view of core IoT domains including:

• Wired and wireless networking

• Digital filters

• Security in embedded and networked systems

• Statistical Process Control for Industry 4.0
  This book will benefit software developers moving into the embedded realm as well as developers already working with embedded systems.

  Autorentext

  Klaus Elk graduated as Master of Science (Electronics) in 1984, with a thesis on "Time-Delay Spectrometry"-a Digital Signal Project. Two years later he graduated with a Bachelor of Economics (Marketing). He has since then worked mainly with telecommunications, medical electronics and sound and vibration in private industry. In parallel with this work, he taught courses at the Danish Technical University including courses in object oriented programming and the internet protocol stack. Recently he earned a "Mini MBA," and in the following year took a "Board-Member Masterclass." Today Elk works at Brüel & Kjær Sound & Vibration as R&D Manager of Instrumentation.

  Inhalt

  Introduction

  1.1 The Tale of the Internet
  1.2 The Cloud
  1.3 Internet of Things
  1.4 IoT related terms **** I The Basic System

  2 How to select an OS?

  2.1 No OS and strictly polling
  2.2 Co-routines
  2.3 Interrupts
  2.4 A small real-time kernel
  2.5 A non-preemptive Operating System
  2.6 Full OS
  2.7 Open Source, GNU licensing and Linux
  2.8 OS constructs
  2.9 Further Reading ****

  3 Which CPU to use?

  3.1 Overview
  3.2 CPU Core
  3.3 CPU Architecture
  3.4 Word-Size
  3.5 MMU - Memory Managed Unit
  3.6 RAM
  3.7 Cache
  3.8 EEPROM and Flash
  3.9 FPU - Floating Point Unit
  3.10 DSP
  3.11 Crypto-Engine
  3.12 Upgrade Path
  3.13 Second Sources
  3.14 Price
  3.15 Export Control
  3.16 RoHS-Compliance
  3.17 Evaluation Boards
  3.18 Tool-chain
  3.19 Benchmarking
  3.20 Power-Consumption
  3.21 JTAG Debugger
  3.22 Peripherals
  3.23 Make or Buy
  3.24 Further Reading **** 4 Software Architecture

  4.1 Design for Performance
  4.2 The fear of the white paper
  4.3 Layers
  4.4 Not just API's - more files
  4.5 Object Model (Containment Hierarchy)
  4.6 Case: CANOpen
  4.7 Message Passing
  4.8 Middleware
  4.9 Case: Architectural Reuse in LAN-XI
  4.10 Understanding C
  4.11 Further Reading **** 5 Debug Tools

  5.1 Simulator
  5.2 ICE - In-Circuit-Emulator
  5.3 Background or JTAG debugger
  5.4 Target Stand-In
  5.5 Debugger
  5.6 strace
  5.7 Debugging without special tools
  5.8 Monitoring Messages
  5.9 Test Traffic **** 6 Code Maintenance

  6.1 Poor Man's Backup
  6.2 Version Control - and git
  6.3 Build and Virtualization
  6.4 Static Code Analysis
  6.5 Inspections
  6.6 Tracking Defects & Features
  6.7 Whiteboard
  6.8 Documentation
  6.9 Yocto
  6.10 OpenWRT
  6.11 Further Reading **** III IoT Technologies

  7 Networks

  7.1 Introduction
  7.2 Cerf & Kahn - internet as net of nets
  7.3 Life of a packet
  7.4 Life before the packet
  7.5 Getting an IP address
  7.6 DHCP
  7.7 Network Masks, CIDR and Special Ranges
  7.8 Reserved IP-Ranges
  7.9 DNS
  7.10 Introducing HTTP
  7.11 REST
  7.12 TCP sockets on IPv4 under Windows
  7.13 IP Fragmentation
  7.14 Introducing IPv6 addresses
  7.15 TCP sockets on IPv6 under Linux
  7.16 Data Transmission

  7.17 UDP Sockets
  7.18 A case of UDP on IPv6
  7.19 Application Layer Protocols
  7.20 Alternatives to the socket API
  7.21 Ethernet Cabling
  7.22 Physical Layer Problems
  7.23 Further Reading

  **** 8 Network Tools

  8.1 The Switch as a Tool
  8.1.1 Mirroring
  8.1.2 Statistics
  8.1.3 Simulating lost frames
  8.1.4 Pause frames
  8.2 Tap
  8.3 DHCP Server
  8.4 IP scanner
  8.5 SNMP
  8.6 Wireshark
  8.7 Network Commands
  8.8 Further Reading **** 9 Wireless Networks

  9.1 Introduction
  9.2 Wi-Fi Basics
  9.3 The Access Point as a Repeater
  9.4 How is speed calculated?
  9.5 Case: Wi-Fi Data-transmission
  9.6 Case: Beacons
  9.7 Why so hesitant?
  9.8 Aggregated Frames
  9.9 Channel Assessment
  9.10 Bluetooth Low Energy
  9.11 Certification
  9.12 Further Reading **** 10 Security

  10.1 Introduction
  10.2 The goals of a Hacker
  10.3 Network Security Concepts
  10.4 Hash-function
  10.5 Symmetric Key Encryption
  10.6 Case Story: Enigma
  10.7 Asymmetric Key Encryption
  10.8 Digital Signature
  10.9 Certificates
  10.10 Message Authentication Code
  10.11 Nonce
  10.12 Secure Socket Communication
  10.13 Case Story: Heartbleed
  10.14 Case Story: WiFi Security
  10.15 Software Crypto Libraries
  10.16 Trusted Platform Module
  10.17 Embedded Systems
  10.18 Vulnerabilities in Embedded Systems
  10.19 Export Control
  10.20 Further Reading **** 11 Digital Filters

  11.1 Why Digital?
  11.2 Why Filters?
  11.3 Basic Signal Analysis
  11.3.1 About the Sample Frequency
  11.3.2 Time and Frequency Domains and their Duality
  11.3.3 Analog and Digital
  11.3.4 More Duality
  11.3.5 A Well-behaving System
  11.4 IIR filter Basics
  11.5 Implementing IIR
  11.6 FIR Filter basics
  11.7 Implementing FIR
  11.8 Integers
  11.9 Fixed Point Arithmetic
  11.10 Q-Notation and Multiplication
  11.11 Division
  11.12 BCD
  11.13 Further Reading **** 12 Statistical Process Control

  12.1 Introduction
  12.2 Important terms
  12.3 Control Charts
  12.4 Finding the Control Limits
  12.5 Subgroups
  12.6 Case: Insulation Plates
  12.7 EWMA Control Charts
  12.8 Process Capability Index
  12.9 Further Reading

  Epilogue