This volume addresses the ways the 'native labour' question in the Portuguese late colonial empire in Africa became a recurrent topic of international and transnational debate and regulation after the Second World War. As other European colonial empires were tentatively transforming their labour and social policies in the aftermath of the war, the Portuguese Empire in Africa resisted significant changes in this domain, preserving a strict dual labour regime. As a result, a growing number of individuals, networks and institutions abroad engaged with labour and social realities in Portuguese African colonies, giving origin to a series of instances of denunciation of labour-related abuses. Portuguese authorities responded to these initiatives by selectively engaging with international norms, languages and mechanisms. However, as global decolonisation gained momentum, international and transnational events and processes would significantly constrain Portuguese imperial and colonial decision-making procedures, with the aim of retaining the empire. Therefore, the 'native labour' question became in its own right a crucial political and diplomatic element of the broader struggles over the meaning of Portuguese imperial legitimacy. As this volume argues, these historical processes are critical to properly understanding the history of Portuguese late colonialism and its protracted trajectory of decolonisation.

José Pedro Monteiro is a Research Fellow at the Communication and Society Research Centre - University of Minho, Portugal. His current research project focuses on the politics of citizenship in the Portuguese late colonial empire. He has been working, for the last few years, on the intersections between international and imperial histories and historiographies. With Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo, he co-edited Internationalism, Imperialism and the Formation of the Contemporary World (Palgrave, 2017). He is currently the coordinator of the research project "Humanity Internationalized: Cases, Dynamics, Comparisons (1945-1980)", funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology.

Autorentext

José Pedro Monteiro is a Research Fellow at the Communication and Society Research Centre - University of Minho, Portugal. His current research project focuses on the politics of citizenship in the Portuguese late colonial empire. He has been working, for the last few years, on the intersections between international and imperial histories and historiographies. With Miguel Bandeira Jerónimo, he co-edited Internationalism, Imperialism and the Formation of the Contemporary World (Palgrave, 2017). His book, Portugal e a Questão do Trabalho Forçado: um império sob escrutínio (1944-1962), received an honourable mention in the Victor de Sá and Mário Soares awards. He is currently the coordinator of the research project "Humanity Internationalized: Cases, Dynamics, Comparisons (1945-1980)", funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology.

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Introduction1 The New International Architecture: Portuguese Officials and Changes Abroad2 The Question of Colonial Labour 3 Renewed International Attention on Forced Labour and Slavery4 Forced Labour and International Standards in Portuguese Colonies5 Under Scrutiny from the UN6 The Portuguese Empire and ILO Conventions7 Increasing International Integration8 The Start of the Colonial Wars in the Portuguese Empire9 Broader Impacts of the Internationalism of the 'Native' Labour QuestionConclusion