Neutrinos in High Energy and Astroparticle Physics

This self-contained modern textbook provides a modern description of the Standard Model and its main extensions from the perspective of neutrino physics. In particular it includes a thorough discussion of the varieties of seesaw mechanism, with or without supersymmetry. It also discusses schemes where neutrino mass arises from lighter messengers, which might lie within reach of the world's largest particle accelerator, the Large Hadron Collider. Throughout the text, the book stresses the role of neutrinos due to the fact that neutrino properties may serve as a guide to the correct model of unification, hence for a deeper understanding of high energy physics, and because neutrinos play an important role in astroparticle physics and cosmology. Each chapter includes summaries and set of problems, as well as further reading.

Autorentext
Prof. J. W. F. Valle is the head of the AHEP group at the Institut de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC/CSIC) at the University of Valencia, Spain. Having obtained is PhD degree at Syracuse University, USA, he spent time in Oxford, and Barcelona before joining IFIC at the University of Valencia. For over 30 years Professor José Valle has been active in neutrino physics & physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particle interactions. He has authored almost 300 scientific publications, and has received several scientific awards, including the Humboldt Research Award. Prof. Jorge C. Romao is full Professor at the Physics Department of Instituto Superior Tecnico, the faculty of Engineering of the Lisbon Technical University, Portugal. Having obtained is PhD at the University of Chicago, USA, he spent time at the University of Geneva, Switzerland, before joining Instituto Superior Tecnico in Lisbon. At Instituto Superior Tecnico he has had many administrative duties, including chairman of the Department. Professor Jorge Romao has authored over 100 scientific publications with a significant impact in the field.

Inhalt

Foreword XIX

Preface XXI

1 Historical Introduction 1

2 The Standard Model 9

2.1 Introduction 9

2.2 Standard Electroweak Model 9

2.3 Spontaneous Symmetry-Breaking: Mass Generation 13

2.4 Quantization in the Standard Model 17

2.5 Renormalization in the Standard Model 19

2.6 Anomalies 21

2.7 Quantum Chromodynamics 24

2.8 Higgs Boson and Unitarity in the Standard Model 25

2.9 Theory Considerations on the Higgs Boson Mass 27

2.10 Experimental Tests of the Standard Model 30

2.11 Open Issues in the Standard Model 32

2.12 Summary 38

2.13 Problems for Chapter 2 39

3 Neutrino Masses and Mixing 41

3.1 Two-Component Formalism 41

3.2 Quantization of Majorana and Dirac Fermions 43

3.3 The Lepton Mixing Matrix 45

3.4 The Neutrino Neutral Current in Seesaw-Type Schemes 50

3.5 CP Properties of Majorana Fermions 50

3.6 Summary 54

3.7 Problems for Chapter 3 54

4 Neutrino Oscillations 57

4.1 Preliminaries 57

4.2 Neutrino Oscillations Formalism In Vacuo 57

4.3 Matter Effects in Neutrino Oscillations 62

4.4 Neutrino Oscillation Data 65

4.5 Global Neutrino Oscillation Analysis 76

4.6 Global Fit Results for Neutrino Oscillation Parameters 77

4.7 Summary and Outlook 80

4.8 Problems for Chapter 4 83

5 Robustness of Oscillations: The Case of Solar Neutrinos 87

5.1 Theoretical Preliminaries: Beyond the Standard Model 88

5.2 Beyond the Standard Solar Model 91

5.3 Oscillations with Spin-Flavour Precession 94

5.4 Constraining Neutrino Magnetic Moments 97

5.5 Summary 100

5.6 Problems for Chapter 5 100

6 Absolute Neutrino Masses 103

6.1 Preliminaries 103

6.2 Beta-Decay and Direct Searches for Neutrino Mass 103

6.3 Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay 110

6.4 Light-Neutrino Exchange 0 Mechanism 112

6.5 Experimental Prospects in the Search for 0 115

6.6 Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay in Flavour Models 115

6.7 Short-Range Contributions to 0 Decay and the Weak Interaction Scale 117

6.8 Black Box and the Significance of 0 120

6.9 Summary 121

6.10 Problems for Chapter 6 121

7 Neutrino Masses in SU(3)cSU(2)LU(1) Theories 123

7.1 Preliminaries: The Origin of Neutrino Mass 123

7.2 Effective Seesaw Mechanism: Explicit Lepton Number Violation 125

7.3 Seesaw Dynamics in SU(3)cSU(2)LU(1)Y and the Majoron 127

7.4 Summary 134

7.5 Problems for Chapter 7 134

8 Higgs Boson Physics and Neutrinos 135

8.1 Higgs Production in the Standard Model 135

8.2 Higgs Decays in the Standard Model 142

8.3 Higgs Physics in Models with Low-Scale Lepton Number Violation 147

8.4 Summary 150

8.5 Problems for Chapter 8 151

9 Supersymmetry 153

9.1 Introduction and Motivation 153

9.2 Supersymmetry Algebra and Representations 155

9.3 How to Build a Supersymmetric Model 158

9.4 The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model 162

9.5 Mass Matrices in the MSSM 168

9.6 Couplings in the MSSM 176

9.7 Coupling Constant Unification 179

9.8 Experimental Constraints on the MSSM 180

9.9 Summary 180

9.10 Problems for Chapter 9 182

10 Spontaneous R-Parity Violation 183

10.1 Introduction 183

10.2 A Viable Spontaneous R-Parity-Breaking Model 184

10.3 Symmetry-Breaking 186

10.4 Main Features of the Model 189

10.5 Implications for the Electroweak Breaking Sector 192

10.6 Summary 197

10.7 Problems for Chapter 10 198 **11 Bi...