This SpringerBrief provides an interdisciplinary synthesis based on psychology, logic, mathematics, cognitive science, and the history of science. It presents psychology as a science that suffers from a reduced understanding of the most fundamental logic in our practical-bodily encounters with the world, including with our fellow human beings. The Brief offers a new "dual" logic that is based on the duality between identification and description of objects, including persons. The Brief ties in modern mathematics as a tool that can be used to catch this duality in a precise manner. Featured topics in this Brief include:

• The emergence of Mechanism.
• The duality in animal and human subject-object relations.
• Psychology's compatibility with natural sciences.
• Four cornerstones of modern mathematics.

• The Extensional Method. A New Logical Foundation for Psychology will be of interest to psychologist, philosophers, and mathematicians concerned with basic theoretical and methodological problems.

  Autorentext
  JENS MAMMEN is emeritus professor from Aarhus University, Denmark, and since 2009 honorary professor at Aalborg University, Denmark, now also affiliated the Niels Bohr Professorship Centre for Cultural Psychology. He studied Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry at the Niels Bohr Institute 1960 to 1963 and Psychology 1961 to 1968, both at Copenhagen University. He graduated in Psychology 1969 from Aarhus University as a magister with theses on cybernetic models in Psychology and experimental investigations of visual perception. He received his dr.phil. in Psychology 1983 with a thesis on the logical structure of Psyche, using Mathematical Topology. He was ass. Professor and Docent until 2000 when he was appointed professor in Cognitive Psychology, Aarhus University. He has been Dean of faculty, Head of department, Chairman of the governing board for the Danish Research School in Psychology and held several other academic posts. .

  Inhalt
  Chapter 1. A Historical and Logical Perspective.- Chapter 2. Overcoming the Mechanistic and Functionalistic Reductions.- Chapter 3. The Dual Structure in Our Encounter Within the World.- Chapter 4. An Axiomatic System Describing a New Dual Logic.- Chapter 5. Perspectives on the Foundation of Mathematics.- Chapter 6. Implications for Psychological Theory.- Chapter 7. Appendix with Technical Details.