In recent years the importance of adjuvants for optimising the activity of agrochemicals has become increasingly recognized. This book is aimed at accumulating the current knowledge of the interactions between adjuvants, agrochemicals and target organisms. It provides results, and ideas for future research and defines new methodological, biomechanistic and systematic approaches which can be implemented to streamline research and development of formulations and adjuvant/active ingredient combinations. The book contains micrographs of leaf surfaces and spray deposits, graphical and statistical presentations, and data on the properties of adjuvants. In particular a case study is presented demonstrating the interactions possible between formulation and adjuvant types.

Inhalt

1 Influence of Physicochemical Properties on Uptake and Loss of Pesticides and Adjuvants form the Leaf Surface.- 2 Foliar Penetration of Agrochemicals: Limitations Imposed by Formulation Type and Some Interactions with Adjuvants.- 3 Influence of Formulation and Adjuvants on the Foliar Location and Physical Form of the Active Ingredient.- 4 Physicochemical Factors Influencing the Adjuvant-Enhanced Spray Deposition and Coverage of Foliage-Applied Agrochemicals.- 5 Factors Affecting Penetration of Compounds Through the Cuticles of Insects and Mites.- 6 Adjuvants and the Activity of Fungicides.- 7 Evaluation of Adjuvant Modes of Action: A Theoretical Approach.- 8 Methodology for the Study of Spray Application and Biological Efficacy of Herbicides on Pot-Grown Plants.- 9 Methodology for Determining Foliar Penetration of Herbicides with Reference to Oil-Based Adjuvants.