Now in a revised and expanded second edition, this unique text presents topics related to insulin resistance in youth and its consequences across the lifespan. In the first section of the book examining epidemiology, the contributors review controversies over the definition of insulin resistance in children and what is known about how insulin resistance in youth differs from adults, the measurement of insulin resistance in youth in the research and clinical settings, and current knowledge regarding the epidemiology of insulin resistance in the pediatric population. The second section of the book explores pathophysiology, including current knowledge of the molecular, metabolic, and physiologic mechanisms of insulin resistance, the unique pathophysiology of pregnancy and puberty, the contributions of the prenatal and early childhood environment to the development of insulin resistance, and adipose and biochemical mediators. This section concludes with discussion of the relationship between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease and liver disorders. A third section, new to this second edition, explores insulin resistance in unique models: intrauterine growth restriction and girls with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome. The final section of the book explores the concepts of treatment through medications directed at insulin sensitivity, as well as exercise, weight loss medications and consequences of bariatric surgery. Insulin Resistance: Childhood Precursors of Adult Disease, Second Edition provides up-to-date reviews of all of these areas, providing the reader with a current perspective on issues in insulin resistance in youth, an emerging risk factor for disease across the lifespan, that will spur continued interest in the topic on the part of clinicians and researchers, perhaps promoting new points of view and creative approaches to this daunting challenge.

Autorentext

Philip S. Zeitler, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

Kristen J. Nadeau, MD, MS, Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

Inhalt
Part I: Definition and Epidemiology.- Clinical Manifestations of Insulin Resistance in Youth.- Techniques to Assess Insulin Action in Youth.- Insulin Resistance in Chronic Disease.- Part II: Pathophysiology.- Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance.- Insulin Resistance in Pregnancy: Implications for Mother and Offspring.- Maternal-Fetal Contributors to Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Youth.- Early Childhood Contributions to Insulin Resistance.- Insulin Resistance in Puberty.- Adiposity Is the Enemy: Body Composition and Insulin Sensitivity.- Ectopic Fat and Insulin Resistance in Youth.- Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance.- Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Disease.- The Liver and Insulin Resistance: The Important Convergence of Endocrinology and Hepatology.- Insulin Resistance and the Kidney in Youth.- Part III: Unique Models of Insulin Resistance in Youth.- Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Insulin Resistance.- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome.- Part IV: Treatment.- Is Insulin Resistance a Treatment Target?- Exercise in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes: A Central Role for Insulin Sensitivity.- Weight Loss Medications in Adolescents.- Adolescent Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery: Effects on Obesity, Comorbidities, and Insulin Resistance.