Hydrometeorological Hazards

HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENTS

Hydrometeorological Hazards:

Interfacing Science and Policy

Recent hydrometeorological extreme events have highlighted the increased exposure and vulnerability of societies and the need to strengthen the knowledge-base of related policies. Current research is focused on improving forecasting, prediction and early warning capabilities in order to improve the assessment of vulnerability and risks linked to extreme climatic events.

Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing Science and Policy is the first volume of a series which will gather scientific and policy-related knowledge on climate-related extreme events. Invited authors are internationally recognized experts in their respective fields. This volume reflects the most recent advances in science and policy within this field and takes a multidisciplinary approach. The book provides the reader with a state-of-the art account of flash floods, droughts, storms, and a comprehensive discussion focused on the cost of natural hazards, resilience and adaptation.

This book will be an invaluable reference for advanced undergraduates taking courses with a focus on natural hazards, including climate-related extreme events. The book will also be of interest to postgraduates, researchers and policymakers in this field looking for an overview of the subject.

Autorentext

Philippe Quevauviller began his career as a researcher in chemical oceanography and holds 2 PhDs and an HDR. He then joined the European Commission as a Research Programme and Policy Officer. He is also Associate Professor at the Vrije Universiteit Brussels.

Klappentext

HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENTS

Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing Science and Policy Recent hydrometeorological extreme events have highlighted the increased exposure and vulnerability of societies and the need to strengthen the knowledge-base of related policies. Current research is focused on improving forecasting, prediction and early warning capabilities in order to improve the assessment of vulnerability and risks linked to extreme climatic events. Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing Science and Policy is the first volume of a series which will gather scientific and policy-related knowledge on climate-related extreme events. Invited authors are internationally recognized experts in their respective fields. This volume reflects the most recent advances in science and policy within this field and takes a multidisciplinary approach. The book provides the reader with a state-of-the art account of flash floods, droughts, storms, and a comprehensive discussion focused on the cost of natural hazards, resilience and adaptation. This book will be an invaluable reference for advanced undergraduates taking courses with a focus on natural hazards, including climate-related extreme events. The book will also be of interest to postgraduates, researchers and policymakers in this field looking for an overview of the subject.

Zusammenfassung
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENTS Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing Science and Policy Recent hydrometeorological extreme events have highlighted the increased exposure and vulnerability of societies and the need to strengthen the knowledge-base of related policies. Current research is focused on improving forecasting, prediction and early warning capabilities in order to improve the assessment of vulnerability and risks linked to extreme climatic events. Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing Science and Policy is the first volume of a series which will gather scientific and policy-related knowledge on climate-related extreme events. Invited authors are internationally recognized experts in their respective fields. This volume reflects the most recent advances in science and policy within this field and takes a multidisciplinary approach. The book provides the reader with a state-of-the art account of flash floods, droughts, storms, and a comprehensive discussion focused on the cost of natural hazards, resilience and adaptation. This book will be an invaluable reference for advanced undergraduates taking courses with a focus on natural hazards, including climate-related extreme events. The book will also be of interest to postgraduates, researchers and policymakers in this field looking for an overview of the subject.

Inhalt
Series Foreword xi

Preface xiii

The Series Editor Philippe Quevauviller xv

List of Contributors xvii

PART ONE: SETTING THE SCENE 1

1.1 Strengthened Resilience from Historic Experience. European Societies Confronted with Hydrometeors in the Sixteenth to Twentieth Centuries 3
Emmanuel Garnier

1.1.1 Introduction 3

1.1.2 Five centuries of droughts 4

1.1.2.1 Historic material and methods of evaluation 4

1.1.2.2 A comparative approach to historic European droughts 7

1.1.3 The European coast confronted with surges: A first ever? 12

1.1.3.1 The French coasts 13

1.1.3.2 European comparison 13

1.1.3.3 Memory of the big floods in Northern Europe 15

1.1.4 A memory of risk or a culture of survival? 17

1.1.4.1 Living with droughts in the Cyclades: The Syros island 17

1.1.4.2 The Atlantic flood of 1937 as a revelation of coastal weaknesses 19

1.1.4.3 The lessons of history regarding impact strength 22

1.1.5 Conclusion 24

References 24

1.2 Current Understanding of Climate Change Impacts on Extreme Events 27
Richard Harding, Nick Reynard and Alison Kay

1.2.1 Introduction 27

1.2.2 Global water balance, past and future 28

1.2.2.1 Humidity and evaporation 28

1.2.2.2 Precipitation 29

1.2.2.3 River run-off 29

1.2.3 Global extremes Rainfall, floods and droughts 30

1.2.3.1 Precipitation 30

1.2.3.2 Storminess 30

1.2.3.3 Droughts 31

1.2.3.4 Floods 32

1.2.4 Future global predictions 33

1.2.5 Regional drought and water resources 35

1.2.5.1 Drought in the twentieth century 35

1.2.5.2 Twenty-first century drought 37

1.2.6 Case study: Science to support policy for flood management under climate change 39

1.2.7 Adaptation planning 41

1.2.8 Concluding remarks 43

References 43

1.3 Features Common to Different Hydrometeorological Events and Knowledge Integration 49
Barbara Zanuttigh

1.3.1 Introduction 49

1.3.2 Extreme hydrometeorological events and disasters: An increasing trend 50

1.3.3 Integrating disaster risk management and climate change adaptation 52

1.3.4 Predicting disasters: Dealing with uncertainties and scales 56

1.3.5 Better understanding system exposure at the hazard 58

1.3.6 Resilience: From concept to operation 61

1.3.7 Learning from experience 63

1.3.8 Risk governance: Responsibility and participation 67

1.3.9 Risk communication 70

1.3.10 A roadmap towards a sustainable future 72

References 75

1.4 Science and Policy Interfacing 83
Philippe Quevauviller

1.4.1 Introduction 83

1.4.2 Taking account of the knowledge base 83

1.4.3 Concept of science and policy interfacing 84

1.4.4 Matching research with policy needs 85

1.4.4.1 Type of research 85

1.4.4.2 Short analysis of drawbacks 86

1.4.5 Researchpolicy interactions 86

1.4.5.1 Interactions with the scientific community 86

1.4.5.2 Synthesis needs 87

1.4.5.3 Exchange platforms 88

1.4.6 Conclusions 88

References 90

PART TWO: POLICY SETTINGS 91

2.1 When Science Meets Policy: Enhancing Governance and Management of Disaster Risks 93
Demetrio Innocenti

2.1.1 Science and disaster risk management 93

2.1.2 Knowledge-based policy 95

2.1.3 The sciencepolicy interface in practice 96

2.1.4 Evidence-based disaster risk policies 99

2.1.5 Climate research and disaster economics: Two scientific pillars of governance of disaster risks 102

2.1.6 Conclusions 104

References 106 **2.2 Hydrometeor…