How Sanctions Work

How Sanctions Work surveys theories of international sanctions and offers detailed analyses of the effect of sanctions on apartheid South Africa. Chapters by respected international experts cover cultural isolation, oil and military embargoes, trade boycotts, financial sanctions and divestment, consequences for black South Africans, and regional effects. The book shows how sanctions both directly and indirectly hurt the apartheid regime while in some cases offering succour to the anti-apartheid movement.

Autorentext

DAVID R. BLACK Associate Professor of Political Science at Dalhousie University XAVIER CARIM Deputy Director of Multilateral Trade Relations at the Department of Trade and Industry, South Africa DAVID FIG teaches sociology at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg GILBERT M. KHADIAGALA Associate Professor at the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University OLIVIER LEBLEU financial consultant for several South African corporations NOMAZENGELE A. MAGALISO Assistant Professor of Sociology at Westfield State College, Westfield, Massachusetts TSHIDISO MALOKA Lecturer in History at the University of Cape Town MZAMO P. MANGALISO Associate Professor in the School of Management at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst MEG VOORHES Director of the South Africa Service at the Investor Responsibility Research Center

Zusammenfassung
For decades policymakers, politicians, activists, journalists and scholars debated sanctions against apartheid, making nearly every possible theoretical and practical argument about their likely impact. The anti-apartheid movement thought sanctions would help topple the regime. Others, following conventional wisdom, argued that sanctions were at best ineffective because embargoes are never comprehensive. Altern-atively, leaders argued that 'constructive engagement' would encourage reform. Using new information and innovative theoretical perspectives, eleven respected scholars from South Africa, Canada and the USA weigh the evidence. The editors review and assess the theoretical arguments about sanctions. The book covers diplomatic, sport and cultural isolation, oil, nuclear and military embargoes, financial sanctions, disinvestment, consequences of trade boycotts for black South Africans, and the impact of sanctions on the region. This collection shows how social, economic and strategic isolation, both directly and indirectly, hurt the apartheid regime and draws lessons for the use of similar measures against other regimes.

Inhalt

Acknowledgements Contributors Abbreviations List of Maps List of Tables Maps 1-5 PART I: INTRODUCTION Trump Card or Theatre: An Introduction to Two Sanctions Debates; N.C.Crawford How Sanctions Work: A Framework for Analysis; N.C.Crawford and A.Klotz PART II: STRATEGIC SANCTIONS How Arms Embargoes Work; N.C.Crawford Sanctions and the Nuclear Industry; D.Fig The Costs of Oil Sanctions; N.C.Crawford PART III: ECONOMIC SANCTIONS The US Divestment Movement; M.Voorhes Disinvestment by Multinational Corporations; M.P.Mangaliso The Political Economy of Financial Sanction; X.Carim, A.Klotz and O.Lbleu 'Sanctions Hurt but Apartheid Kills!': the Sanctions Campaign and Black Workers; T.Maloka PART IV: SOCIAL SANCTIONS Diplomatic Isolation; A.Klotz 'Not Cricket': the Effects and Effectiveness of the Sports Boycott; D.R.Black Cultural Boycotts and Political Change; N.A.Mangaliso PART V: IMPLICATIONS Regional Dimensions of Sanctions; G.M.Khadiagala Making Sanctions Work: Comparative Lessons; A.Klotz Chronology Index