This volume examines the role of oxidative stress in the pathology of numerous pediatric disorders. It covers a wide range of topics including the chemistry and biology of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide, molecular biology of the enzymes generating these species, clinically useful biomarkers for evaluating oxidative stress status in humans, and the pathophysiology, clinical course and management of a variety of pediatric disorders, among others. The book also describes current diagnostic tools, laboratory methods and technology for treatment and prevention of pediatric disorders. It explores emerging technology and medical applications including discussions of biomarkers and antioxidants as therapeutic agents.

Written by an international team of experts in both pediatrics and free radical and antioxidant research, Studies on Pediatric Disorders is an invaluable addition to the Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice series.

Autorentext

Hirokazu Tsukahara, MD, PhD graduated from the School of Medicine at Kyoto University, in Kyoto, Japan and obtained his PhD in medical science from Fukui Medical School, in Fukui, Japan. He is currently Associate Professor at the Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Dr. Tsukahara is a clinical scientist, specializing in the field of pediatrics and biological responses. He is the author or coauthor of more than 200 scientific papers and book chapters on general pediatrics, neonatology, endocrinology, metabolic diseases, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. His experimental research is focused on the chemistry and biology of nitric oxide, free radicals, and other bioactive mediators.

Kazunari Kaneko, MD, PhD graduated from the School of Medicine at Niigata University in Niigata, Japan and obtained his PhD in medical science from Juntendo University, in Tokyo. He is currently Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics at Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan. Dr. Kaneko is a pediatric nephrologist and a leading scientist in clinical studies, specializing in nephrotic syndrome and electrolyte disorders. He has also conducted basic research into the pathophysiological roles of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in diverse pediatric kidney diseases. He is currently a member of several regional and international societies including: Japan Pediatric Society (Councilor), Pediatric Nephrology (Executive board member), International Pediatric Nephrology Association, International Society of Nephrology, and American Society of Nephrology. He is on the editorial boards of several well-regarded medical journals, including International Journal of Nephrology, Clinical and Experimental Nephrology, and Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry.

Inhalt

Oxygen in health and disease.- Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in vascular function.- Nitrite pathway: Another important nitric oxide production system.- Nitric oxide and beyond: New insights and therapies for endothelial targeting.- Multifunctional roles of nitric oxide in neurons.- Oxidative stress biomarkers: Future perspectives.- Urinary clinical biomarkers in critical care.- Rapid diagnostic tests for oxidative stress status.- Analytical procedures for nitrative/nitrosative stress.- Animal models of enhanced oxidative stress.- Antioxidant supplementation and therapies.- Edaravone therapy.- Melatonin therapy.- Thioredoxin therapy.- Allergic and immunological disorders.- Cardiac disorders.- Environmental pollution and health consequences.- Gastrointestinal disorders.- Genetic disorders.- Growth, puberty and nutritional disturbances.- Hematologic disorders.- Infectious and inflammatory disorders.- Metabolic disorders.- Neurological disorders.- Renal disorders.- Respiratory disorders.- Trauma.- Vascular disorders.