The last fifteen years have witnessed an amazing development of petrology. During this time it became readily feasible to investigate reactions at high temperatures and pressures. The new experimental techniques were immediately applied in the fields of mineralogy and petrology and, at present, research activity continues unabated. The aim of these in­ vestigations is the elucidation of the origin of magmatic and, particularly, of metamorphic rocks. Only a few years ago, the second editions of the well-known textbooks by TURNER and VERHOOGEN (1960) and by BARTH (1962) were published. But even since that time, our knowledge of metamorphic petrology has been augmented by numerous experimental investigations and by new petrographic observa­ tions as well. Such rapid growth warrents an evaluation of the accumulated knowledge bearing on the origin of meta­ morphic rocks. With this thought in mind, the present book was written. The treatment purposely stresses the mineral­ ogical-chemical aspects of metamorphism. The discussion is mainly concerned with the reactions, which transform the mineralogical composition of a rock, when subjected to meta­ morphic conditions within the earth's crust. "The question of the general relationship between the minerals and the mineral associations, on the one hand, and temperature and pressure, on the other, is the real core of the study of metamorphic rocks" (BARTH, 1962). Petrofabric analysis of metamorphic rocks is not discussed, because this is a special field of study.

Inhalt

1. Definition and Types of Metamorphism.- 2. Factors of Metamorphism.- 3. The Concept of Metamorphic Facies.- 4. Metamorphic Reactions in Carbonate Rocks.- 4. 1 Reactions at Low Temperatures.- 4. 2 Reactions at Higher Temperatures.- 4. 3 Diagnostic Parageneses of the Three Hornfels Facies in Metamorphosed Siliceous Carbonate Rocks.- 5. Graphical Representation of Metamorphic Mineral Parageneses.- 5. 1 ACF Diagram.- 5. 2 A'FK Diagram.- 5. 3 How are ACF and A'FK Diagrams Used?.- 6. Hornfels Facies of Contact Metamorphism.- 6. 1 Mineral Parageneses of the Hornfels Facies.- 6. 2 Some Mineral Reactions during Contact Metamorphism.- 6. 3 Extent and Facial Development of Contact Aureoles.- 7. Regional Dynamothermal Metamorphism.- 7. 1 General Characteristics.- 7. 2 Metamorphic Facies Series.- 7. 21 Barrovian-Type Facies Series.- 7. 22 Abukuma-Type Facies Series.- 8. The Barrovian-Type Facies Series.- 8. 1 Greenschist Facies.- 8. 2 Almandine-Amphibolite Facies.- 9. The Abukuma-Type Facies Series.- 9. 1 The Regional Metamorphic Facies Series.- 9. 2 Mineralogical Identity between the Regional Metamorphism of the Abukuma-Type and Deep-Seated Contact Metamorphism.- 10. Intermediate Facies Series.- 11. Granulite Facies.- 12. Eclogite Facies.- 13. Change of Chemical Composition of Minerals with Progressive Metamorphism.- 14. Burial Metamorphism.- 14.1 End of Diagenesis and Beginning of Metamorphism.- 14.2 (a) Zeolitic Facies = Laumontite-Prehnite-Quartz Facies.- (b) Pumpellyite-Prehnite-Quartz Facies.- 14.3 (a) Glaucophane-Schist Facies = Lawsonite-Glaucophane Facies.- (b) Lawsonite-Albite Facies.- 15. The Temperature and Pressure Conditions of the Regional Dynamothermal Metamorphism.- 15.1 Physical Conditions of Metamorphism in the Greenschist Facies.- 15.2 Physical Conditions of Metamorphism in the Amphibolite Facies.- 15.3 Different Depth-Temperature Distributions.- 16. Anatexis, Formation of Migmatites, and Origin of Granitic Magmas.- 16.1 Anatexis.- 16.2 Formation of Migmatites.- 16.3 Formation of Granitic Magmas by Anatexis.- 17. Appendix: Nomenclature of Common Metamorphic Rocks.