This book examines performance evaluation in the context of assessing the non-financial outcomes of human activities. The topic is particularly relevant when economic, environmental or social performance has to be evaluated, e.g. the efficiency of actions and the lifecycles of products. The authors combine multi-criteria decision-making and production theories to develop a theoretical and methodological foundation for performance evaluation. They also demonstrate the typical pitfalls that are hindering the implementation of contemporary methods in practice. Special emphasis is placed on efficiency measurement with data envelopment analysis (DEA), and on data aggregation in life cycle assessment (LCA).

Autorentext
**Harald Dyckhoff led the chair of business theory, sustainable production and industrial control at the RWTH Aachen University, Germany, from 1988 to 2016. His current research areas are production and decision theory, sustainable value creation and performance measurement. He has published several books and papers on different topics of cutting and packing, production theory, data envelopment analysis and fuzzy set theory.
**Rainer Souren has lead the group of sustainable production and logistics management at Ilmenau University of Technology, Germany, since 2006. His current research areas are production theory, sustainable closed loop management as well as waste management and controlling. He has published books and papers on different topics of production theory, closed loop management, waste management and sharing economy.

Inhalt
Main Performance Categories: Effectiveness and Efficiency.- Multi-criteria Production Theory: Foundation of Performance Evaluation.- Data Envelopment Methodology of Performance Evaluation.- Challenges of Performance Evaluation in Practice.