The study of biometrics aims to understand the uniqueness of human physical characteristics, and to develop biometric identification technologies. Remote biometrics address the most challenging problem of biometrics, that of identifying individuals in a watch list from a distance.

From a computing point of view, this is a complex task requiring four issues to be solved. First, the system must be able to recognize individual subjects with minimum errors. Second, this must be able to operate at a distance of up to 50 meters. Third, it must be able to deal with subjects in motion. Finally, the system must function when the subjects are unaware of being observed. Other issues include allowing countermeasures to be made against attacks or providing intelligence for security intervention. No currently commercial system is able to satisfy all of these requirements, and none are error-free.

This comprehensive and innovative handbook covers several aspects of biometrics from the perspective of recognizing individuals at a distance, in motion, and under a surveillance scenario. The book presents both a broad coverage and an in-depth investigation into the most advanced biometric technologies for recognition at a distance, with applications in areas such as border control, surveillance in critical infrastructures, and ambient intelligence.

Features:

. Starts with a thorough introductory chapter

. Provides topics from a range of different perspectives offered by an international collection of leading researchers in the field

. Contains selected expanded contributions from the 5th IAPR International Summer School for Advanced Studies on Biometrics for Secure Authentication

. Investigates issues of iris recognition, gait recognition, and touchless fingerprint recognition, as well as various aspects of face recognition

. Discusses multibiometric systems, and machine learning techniques

. Examines biometrics ethics and policy

. Presents international standards in biometrics, including those under preparation

This state-of-the-art volume is designed to help form and inform professionals, young researchers, and graduate students in advanced biometric technologies. This indispensible reference draws from the expertise of internationally regarded experts in the field, as well as from the finest presentations of the 5th International Summer School on Biometrics.

Dr. Massimo Tistarelli is Professor of Computer Science at the Department of Architecture and Planning at the University of Sassari, Italy.

Dr. Stan Z. Li is Professor of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Director of the Center for Biometrics and Security Research, at the Institute of Automation, Beijing, China.

Dr. Rama Chellappa is the Minta Martin Professor of Engineering and Director of the Center for Automation Research at the University of Maryland, USA.

Key topics:

. Iris Recognition at a Distance

. Gait Recognition

. Touchless Fingerprint Recognition

. Face Recognition at a Distance

. Multibiometric Systems

. Biometrics Ethics and Policy

Zusammenfassung
The development of technologies for the identi?cation of individuals has driven the interest and curiosity of many people. Spearheaded and inspired by the Bertillon coding system for the classi?cation of humans based on physical measurements, scientists and engineers have been trying to invent new devices and classi?cation systems to capture the human identity from its body measurements. One of the main limitations of the precursors of today's biometrics, which is still present in the vast majority of the existing biometric systems, has been the need to keep the device in close contact with the subject to capture the biometric measurements. This clearly limits the applicability and convenience of biometric systems. This book presents an important step in addressing this limitation by describing a number of methodologies to capture meaningful biometric information from a distance. Most materials covered in this book have been presented at the International Summer School on Biometrics which is held every year in Alghero, Italy and which has become a ?agship activity of the IAPR Technical Committee on Biometrics (IAPR TC4). The last four chapters of the book are derived from some of the best p- sentations by the participating students of the school. The educational value of this book is also highlighted by the number of proposed exercises and questions which will help the reader to better understand the proposed topics.

Inhalt
Advances in Remote Biometrics.- Biometrics at a Distance: Issues, Challenges, and Prospects.- Iris Recognition Beyond One Meter.- View Invariant Gait Recognition.- Advanced Technologies for Touchless Fingerprint Recognition.- Face Recognition in Humans and Machines.- Face Recognition at a Distance: System Issues.- Long-Range Facial Image Acquisition and Quality.- Video-Based Face Recognition Algorithms.- 3D Face Recognition: Technology and Applications.- Machine Learning Techniques for Biometrics.- Multibiometric Systems: Overview, Case Studies, and Open Issues.- Ethics and Policy of Biometrics.- Selected Contributions from Students of the International Summer School on Biometrics.- Assessment of a Footstep Biometric Verification System.- Keystroke Dynamics-Based Credential Hardening Systems.- Detection of Singularities in Fingerprint Images Using Linear Phase Portraits.- Frequency-Based Fingerprint Recognition.