This book comprehensively describes essential research and projects on climate change and biodiversity. Moreover, it includes contributions on how to promote the climate agenda and biodiversity conservation at the local level. Climate change as a whole and global warming in particular are known to have a negative impact on biodiversity in three main ways. Firstly, increases in temperatures are detrimental to a number of organisms, especially those in sensitive habitats such as coral reefs and rainforests. Secondly, the pressures posed by a changing climate may lead to sets of responses in areas as varied as phenology, range and physiology of living organisms, often leading to changes in their lifecycles (especially but not only in reproduction), losses in productivity or even death. In some cases, the very survival of very sensitive species may be endangered. Thirdly, the impacts of climate change on biodiversity will be felt in the short term with regard to some species and ecosystems, but also in the medium and long term in many biomes. Indeed, if left unchecked, some of these impacts may be irreversible. Many individual governments, financial institutes and international donors are currently spending billions of dollars on projects addressing climate change and biodiversity, but with little coordination. Quite often, the emphasis is on adaptation efforts, with little emphasis on the connections between physio-ecological changes and the lifecycles and metabolisms of fauna and flora, or the influence of poor governance on biodiversity. As such, there is a recognized need to not only better understand the impacts of climate change on biodiversity, but to also identify, test and implement measures aimed at managing the many risks that climate change poses to fauna, flora and micro-organisms. In particular, the question of how to restore and protect ecosystems from the impact of climate change also has to be urgently addressed.

This book was written toaddress this need. The respective papers explore matters related to the use of an ecosystem-based approach to increase local adaptation capacity, consider the significance of a protected areas network in preserving biodiversity in a changing northern European climate, and assess the impacts of climate change on specific species, including wild terrestrial animals. The book also presents a variety of case studies such as the Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative, the effects of climate change on the biodiversity of Aleppo pine forest in Senalba (Algeria), climate change and biodiversity response in the Niger Delta region, and the effects of forest fires on the biodiversity and the soil characteristics of tropical peatlands in Indonesia. This is a truly interdisciplinary publication, and will benefit all scholars, social movements, practitioners and members of governmental agencies engaged in research and/or executing projects on climate change and biodiversity around theworld.

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Water Management and Climate Change in the Focus of International Master Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean.- Mangrove Conservation Policies in the Gulf of Guayaquil.- Biodiversity Issues Should be Better Taken into Account in the Energy Transition.- Approaches to Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity Assessment in Belarus.- Community Action for Biodiversity and Forest Conservation and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Wild Coffee Forests (CAFA).- Impact of Climate Change on Sawfly (Suborder: Symphyta) Polinators in Andalusia Region, Spain.- Coffee, Climate and Biodiversity: Understanding the Carbon Stocks of the Shade Coffee Production System of India.- Implications for Biodiversity of Potentially Committed Global Climate Change (from Science and Policy).- Ensuring Co-Benefits for Biodiversity, Climate Change and Sustainable Development.- Sustainable Hydropower: using Ecosystem-based Adaptation to increase local Adaptation Capacity in Brazil.- The Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative as an Adaptive Response to Climate Change.- Saving the Last Endemic-Church Forests in Ethiopia: The Case of Lake Tana Biosphere Reserve.- Factors Affecting Communication and Information Sharing for Water Resource Management in Lake Victoria Basin (LVB).- Climate Sentinels Research Program: Developing Indicators of the Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity in the Region of New Aquitaine (South West, France).- Introducing Spatio-Temporal Conservation Units: Models for Flexible Optimization of Species Persistence under Climate Change.- The Impact of Climate Change and Variability on Wild Terrestrial Animals in Selected Rural Coastal Regions of Kenya.- Biodiversity Risks for Belarus Connected with the UV Climate Change.- The Impact of Forest Fire on the Biodiversity and the Soil Charactersitics of Tropical Peatland.- Promoting Climate Agenda and Biodiversity Conservation at the Local Level: A Case for Nepal's Rural and Urban Municipalities.