This book describes several finite-difference techniques developed recently for the numerical solution of fluid equations. Both convective (hyperbolic) equations and elliptic equations (of Poisson's type) are discussed. The em­ phasis is on methods developed and in use at the Naval Research Laboratory, although brief descriptions of competitive and kindred techniques are included as background material. This book is intended for specialists in computational fluid dynamics and related subjects. It includes examples, applications and source listings of program modules in Fortran embodying the methods. Contents Introduction 1 (D. L. Book) 2 Computational Techniques for Solution of Convective Equations 5 (D. L. Book and J. P. Boris) 2. 1 Importance of Convective Equations 5 2. 2 Requirements for Convective Equation Algorithms 7 2. 3 Quasiparticle Methods 10 2. 4 Characteristic Methods 13 2. 5 Finite-Difference Methods 15 2. 6 Finite-Element Methods 20 2. 7 Spectral Methods 23 3 Flux-Corrected Transport 29 (D. L. Book, J. P. Boris, and S. T. Zalesak) 3. 1 Improvements in Eulerian Finite-Difference Algorithms 29 3. 2 ETBFCT: A Fully Vectorized FCT Module 33 3. 3 Multidimensional FCT 41 4 Efficient Time Integration Schemes for Atmosphere and Ocean Models 56 (R. V. Madala) 4. 1 Introduction 56 4. 2 Time Integration Schemes for Barotropic Models 58 4. 3 Time Integration Schemes for Baroclinic Models 63 4. 4 Extension to Ocean Models 70 David L. Book, Jay P. Boris, and Martin J. Fritts are from the Laboratory for Computational Physics, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C.

Inhalt

1 Introduction.- 2 Computational Techniques for Solution of Convective Equations.- 2.1 Importance of Convective Equations.- 2.2 Requirements for Convective Equation Algorithms.- 2.3 Quasiparticle Methods.- 2.4 Characteristic Methods.- 2.5 Finite-Difference Methods.- 2.6 Finite-Element Methods.- 2.7 Spectral Methods.- 3 Flux-Corrected Transport.- 3.1 Improvements in Eulerian Finite-Difference Algorithms.- 3.2 ETBFCT: A Fully Vectorized FCT Module.- 3.3 Multidimensional FCT.- 4 Efficient Time Integration Schemes for Atmosphere and Ocean Models.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Time Integration Schemes for Barotropic Models.- 4.3 Time Integration Schemes for Baroclinic Models.- 4.4 Extension to Ocean Models.- 5 A One-Dimensional Lagrangian Code for Nearly Incompressible Flow.- 5.1 Difficulties Encountered in Lagrangian Methods.- 5.2 Adaptive Gridding in a Lagrangian Calculation.- 5.3 The Algorithm and Structure of ADINC.- 5.4 Examples.- 6 Two-Dimensional Lagrangian Fluid Dynamics Using Triangular Grids.- 6.1 Grid Distortion in Two Dimensions.- 6.2 Use of Reconnection to Eliminate Grid Distortion.- 6.3 Numerical Algorithms.- 6.4 Examples.- 7 Solution of Elliptic Equations.- 7.1 Survey of Standard Techniques.- 7.2 A New Direct Solver: The Stabilized Error Vector Propagation Technique (SEVP).- 7.3 Application of Chebychev Iteration to Non-Self-Adjoint Equations.- 8 Vectorization of Fluid Codes.- 8.1 Speed in Hardware.- 8.2 Speed in Fortran.- 8.3 Problems with Causality.- 8.4 Examples.- 8.5 Summary of Parallelism Principles.- Appendix A.- Appendix B.- Appendix C.- Appendix D.- Appendix E.- References.