This book develops a fundamental understanding of geophysical fluid dynamics based on a mathematical description of the flows of inhomogeneous fluids. It covers these topics: 1. development of the equations of motion for an inhomogeneous fluid 2. review of thermodynamics

3. thermodynamic and kinetic energy equations

   4. equations of state for the atmosphere and the ocean, salt, and moisture effects

   5. concepts of potential temperature and potential density

4. Boussinesq and quasi-geostrophic approximations

   7. conservation equations for vorticity, mechanical and thermal energy instability theories, internal waves, mixing, convection, double-diffusion, stratified turbulence, fronts, intrusions, gravity currents Graduate students will be able to learn and apply the basic theory of geophysical fluid dynamics of inhomogeneous fluids on a rotating earth, including: 1. derivation of the governing equations for a stratified fluid starting from basic principles of physics

   8. review of thermodynamics, equations of state, isothermal, adiabatic, isentropic changes

   9. scaling of the equations, Boussinesq approximation, applied to the ocean and the atmosphere

   10. examples of stratified flows at geophysical scales, steady and unsteady motions, inertia-gravity internal waves, quasi-geostrophic theory

   11. vorticity and energy conservation in stratified fluids

6.boundary layer convection in stratified containers and basins

Autorentext

Özsoy is Professor of Physical Oceanography. In 1977-1978, he served as Staff Engineer at Tetra Tech Inc., Jacksonville, FL, USA; since 1978 he has been Professor of physical oceanography at Institute of Marine Sciences, METU, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey; following an academic and research career as Visiting Scientist at IMGA-CNR, Modena, Italy in 1989; Visiting Professor, UNESCO and Fulbright Fellow at Division of Applied Science at Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA in 1989-1990; Visiting Scientist at University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy in 2014-2015; Invited Professor at EIES-ITU in Istanbul, Turkey in 2015-2017; an Emeritus living in Ankara, Turkey after 2017. Research interests and contributions include ocean modeling of the Levantine Basin of the Eastern Mediterranean, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Turkish Straits System; circulation, cascading flows across shelf seas of the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea; dynamics, transport modeling of Bosphorus / Dardanelles Straits of the Turkish Straits System; quasi-geostrophic dynamics of seas with islands; coupled hydrodynamics-ecosystem modeling; double diffusive convection, boundary and interior mixing; operational oceanographic and atmospheric observing and forecasting systems; atmospheric transport of aerosol dust; oceanographic use of tracers for analyses of deep water renewal and transport; transport at tidal inlets; modeling of Eastern Mediterranean tsunami; climate variability and climate change /in the Seas of the Old World; history of oceanography - 17th century work of Marsili in the Bosphorus.

Contributions in projects include major Consortia of the Physical Oceanography of the Eastern Mediterranean (POEM); Black Sea (CoMSBlack); EU Copernicus Projects on Ventilation of the Black Sea and Aral Sea (ARAL-KUM); - European Integrated Projects MFSTEP, MERSEA, ECOOP, IASON, SESAME, MyOcean, MyOcean2, MyOcean FO, PERSEUS, Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), NATO Projects TU-Fisheries, TU-Black Sea, TU-Black Sea ODBMS, MACE-Caspian Sea; IAEA Coordinated Research Project Environmental Pollution of the Black Sea; TÜBITAK Public Research Group project on observing and forecasting systems MOMA; other local research projects (Akkuyu NPP Tsunami, Shelf projects, SEKA, Iskenderun, ISKI, Turkish Straits System ITÜVSAM / TURBO).

Inhalt

Stratified / rotating fluid dynamics of the atmosphere.- Ocean.- Development of the equations.- Basic and perturbed states.- Quasi-Geostrophic theory.- Internal waves.- Two-layer model.- Convection.- Boundary layers in stratified fluids.- Jets and buoyant plumes.- Diffusion and transport processes.- Equations for diffusion processes.- Simple models of turbulent diffusion and transport.- Shear flow dispersion.- Transport of suspended sediments.- Estuarine transport.- Simple ecosytem models.- Introduction.- Dynamics of ecosystems.- Ecosytem models.