DIATOM MORPHOGENESIS

A unique book presenting the range of silica structures formed by diatoms, theories and hypotheses of how they are made, and applications to nanotechnology by use or imitation of diatom morphogenesis.

There are up to 200,000 species of diatoms, each species of these algal cells bearing an ornate, amorphous silica glass shell. The silica is structured at 7 orders of magnitude size range and is thus the most complex multiscalar solid structure known. Recent research is beginning to unravel how a single cell marshals chemical, physical, biochemical, genetic, and cytoskeletal processes to produce these single-cell marvels. The field of diatom nanotechnology is advancing as this understanding matures.

Diatoms have been actively studied over the recent 10-20 years with various modern equipment, experimental and computer simulation approaches, including molecular biology, fluorescence-based methods, electron, confocal, and AFM microscopy. This has resulted in a huge amount of information but the key stages of their silica morphogenesis are still not clear. This is the time to reconsider and consolidate the work performed so far and to understand how we can go ahead.

The main objective of this book is to describe the actual situation in the science of diatom morphogenesis, to specify the most important unresolved questions, and to present the corresponding hypotheses. The following areas are discussed:

• A tutorial chapter, with a glossary for newcomers to the field, who are often from outside of biology, let alone phycology;

• Diatom Morphogenesis: general issues, including symmetry and size issues;

• Diatom Morphogenesis: simulation, including analytical and numerical methods for description of the diatom valve shape and pore structure;

• Diatom Morphogenesis: physiology, biochemistry, and applications, including the relationship between taxonomy and physiology, biosilicification hypotheses, and ideas about applications of diatoms.

  Audience

  Researchers, scientists, and graduate students in the fields of phycology, general biology, marine sciences, the chemistry of silica, materials science, and ecology.

  Autorentext

Professor Vadim V. Annenkov earned his PhD from Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences in 1989 and Doctor of Science (Doctor Habilitation) in Polymer Chemistry from Irkutsk State University in 2002. He has worked in the Limnological Institute (Siberian Branch of RAS) since 2004. He is the author of about 150 scientific papers, 18 patents, 120 abstracts of conferences. Citation Index according to WOS is 824, H-index is 15.

Professor J. Seckbach is a retired senior academician at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. He earned his PhD from the University of Chicago and did a post-doctorate in the Division of Biology at Caltech, in Pasadena, CA. He served at Louisiana State University (LSU), Baton Rouge, LA, USA, as the first selected Chair for the Louisiana Sea Grant and Technology transfer. Professor Joseph Seckbach has edited over 40 scientific books and authored about 140 scientific articles. Richard Gordon's involvement with diatoms goes back to 1970 with his capillarity model for their gliding motility, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. He later worked on a diffusion-limited aggregation model for diatom morphogenesis, which led to the first paper ever published on diatom nanotechnology in 1988. He organized the first workshop on diatom nanotech in 2003. His other research is on computed tomography algorithms, HIV/AIDS prevention, and embryogenesis. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Gordon_(theoretical_biologist).

Klappentext
There are up to 200,000 species of diatoms, each species of these algal cells bearing an ornate,amorphous silica glass shell. The silica is structured at 7 orders of magnitude size range, and is thus the most complex multiscalar solid structure known. Recent research is beginning to unravel how a single cell marshals chemical, physical, biochemical, genetic, and cytoskeletal processes to produce these single cell marvels. The field of diatom nanotechnology is advancing as this understanding matures.

Diatoms have been actively studied over the recent 10-20 years with various modern equipment, experimental and computer simulation approaches, including molecular biology, fluorescence-based methods, electron, confocal and AFM microscopy. This has resulted in a huge amount of information but the key stages of their silica morphogenesis are still not clear. This is the time to reconsider and consolidate the work performed so far and to understand how we can go ahead.

The main objective of this book is to describe the actual situation in the science of diatom morphogenesis, to specify the most important unresolved questions and to present the corresponding hypotheses. The following areas are discussed:

1. A tutorial chapter, with a glossary for newcomers to the field, who are often from outside of biology, let alone phycology.

2. Diatom Morphogenesis: general issues, including symmetry and size issues.

3. Diatom Morphogenesis: simulation, including analytical and numerical methods for description of the diatom valve shape and pore structure.

4. Diatom morphogenesis: physiology, biochemistry, and applications, including the relationship between taxonomy and physiology, biosilicification hypotheses, and ideas about applications of diatoms.

   Zusammenfassung
   DIATOM MORPHOGENESIS A unique book presenting the range of silica structures formed by diatoms, theories and hypotheses of how they are made, and applications to nanotechnology by use or imitation of diatom morphogenesis. There are up to 200,000 species of diatoms, each species of these algal cells bearing an ornate, amorphous silica glass shell. The silica is structured at 7 orders of magnitude size range and is thus the most complex multiscalar solid structure known. Recent research is beginning to unravel how a single cell marshals chemical, physical, biochemical, genetic, and cytoskeletal processes to produce these single-cell marvels. The field of diatom nanotechnology is advancing as this understanding matures. Diatoms have been actively studied over the recent 10-20 years with various modern equipment, experimental and computer simulation approaches, including molecular biology, fluorescence-based methods, electron, confocal, and AFM microscopy. This has resulted in a huge amount of information but the key stages of their silica morphogenesis are still not clear. This is the time to reconsider and consolidate the work performed so far and to understand how we can go ahead. The main objective of this book is to describe the actual situation in the science of diatom morphogenesis, to specify the most important unresolved questions, and to present the corresponding hypotheses. The following areas are discussed:

• A tutorial chapter, with a glossary for newcomers to the field, who are often from outside of biology, let alone phycology;
• Diatom Morphogenesis: general issues, including symmetry and size issues;
• Diatom Morphogenesis: simulation, including analytical and numerical methods for description of the diatom valve shape and pore structure;

• Diatom Morphogenesis: physiology, biochemistry, and applications, including the relationship between taxonomy and physiology, biosilicification hypotheses, and ideas about applications of diatoms. Audience Researchers, scientists, and graduate students in the fields of phycology, general biology, marine sciences, the chemistry of silica, materials science, and ecology.

  Inhalt
  Preface xv

  Part 1: General Issues 1

  1 Introduction for a Tutorial on Diatom Morphology 3
  *Kalina Manoylov and Mohamed Ghobara*

  1…