These Proceedings contain the contributions of the participants of the Second International Symposium on Dendritic Cells that was held from the 1st to 25th of June 1992 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The First International Symposium on Dendritic Cells was organized as a Satellite symposium at the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Japanese Reticuloendothelial Society by Dr. Y. Imai in Yamagata (Japan), in 1990. It was entitled "Dendritic Cells in Lymphoid Tissues," and focused primarily on the Interdigitating Cells (IDC), Epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) and Follicular Dendritic Cells (FDC) , from the point of view of human pathology. However, the concept of Dendritic Cell System, comprising the bone marrow derived IDC and LC but not the FDC, was based on animal experiments and mainly on in vitro experiments on isolated cells. In a report from the Reticuloendothelial Society Committee on Nomenclature in 1982, Tew, Thorbecke and Steinman had already characterized these different types of DC, but the gap between in vivo and in vitro function remained. In Amsterdam, the Symposium focused on the Role of Dendritic Cells in Fundamental and Clinical Immunology. First, recent developments in molecular biology of antigen presentation and cell biological aspects of signal transduction were discussed, in relation to the potential of DC to stimulate lymphocytes and to trigger their in vitro differentiation.

Inhalt

General Introduction: Dendritic cells: Antigen presentation, accessory function and clinical relevance.- Endocytic activity of dendritic cells is similar to other antigen presenting cells.- Immunocytochemical characterization of dendritic cells.- Requirements of exogenous protein antigens for presentation to CD4+ T lymphocytes by MHC Class II-positive APC.- Modulation of MHC Class II determinants on rat Langerhans cells during short term culture.- A dendritic cell specific determinant present in endosomes is involved in the presentation of protein antigens.- Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells for microbial superantigen.- Divergent T-cell cytokine profiles induced by dendritic cells from different tissues.- Adhesion molecules: Co-stimulators and Co-mitogens in dendritic cell - T cell interaction.- Dendritic cell dependent expression of IgA by clones in T/B microcultures.- Adhesion molecules in tonsil DC-T cell interactions.- Dendritic cells have reduced cell surface membrane glycoproteins including CD43 determinants.- The effect of human dendritic cells on the lectin-induced responsiveness of CD4+ T cells to IL-2 and IL-4.- Analysis of cytokine and cytokine receptor production by human dendritic cells.- Costimulating factors and signals relevant for antigen presenting cell function.- Distinct T cell stimulation mechanism and phenotype of human blood dendritic cells.- The role of dendritic cells in the regulation of T cell cytokine synthesis.- The role of dendritic cells as co-stimulators in tolerance induction.- The influence of dendritic cells on T-cell cytokine production.- Phenotypical and functional characterization of dendritic cells in the human peritoneal cavity.- Dendritic cells isolated from rat and human non-lymphoid tissue are very potent accessory cells.- Antigen presenting capacity of peritoneal macrophages and dendritic cells.- T-cell repertoire development in MHC class II deficient humans.- Rat thymic dendritic cells.- Rat thymic dendriticCells: flow cytometry analysis.- Ultrastructure of interdigitating cells in the rat thymus during Cyclosporin A treatment.- T cell tolerance and antigen presenting cell function in the thymus.- Tolerizing mice to human leukocytes: A step toward the production of monoclonal antibodies specific for human dendritic cells.- Morphological and functional differences between HLA-Dr+ peripheral blood dendritic cells and HLA Dr+ IFN-alpha producing cells.- Three monoclonal antibodies to antigen presenting cells in the rat with differential influence on cellular interactions.- The MHC expression of dendritic cells from mouse spleen isolated by centrifugal elutriation is unregulated during short term culture.- II-6 and its high affinity receptor during differentiation of monocytes into Langerhans cells.- Phagocytosis of antigens by Langerhans cells.- Dissection of human Langerhans cell allostimulatory function. Modulation by interferon-?.- Human in vitro T cell sensitization using hapten-modified epidermal Langerhans cells.- Monocyte-derived Langerhans cells from different species - morphological and functional characterization.- A serial section study of mice Langerhans cell granules after DNFB painting.- Skin dendritic cell-lymphocyte interactions in autologous system.- Induction of the low affinity receptor for IgE (Fc?RII/CD23) on human blood dendritic cells by interleukin-4.- Fc? RI mediates IGE-binding to human epidermal Langerhans cells.- Murine epidermal Langerhans cells as a model to study tissue dendritic cells.- Differentiation of dendritic cells in cultures of rat and mouse bone marrow cells.- TNF and GM-CSF dependent growth of an early progenitor of dendritic Langerhans cells in human bone marrow.- Human bone marrow contains potent stimulatory cells for the allogeneic MLR with the phenotype of dendritic cells.- Recombinant GM-CSF induces in vitro differentiation of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow.- Signals required for differentiating dendritic cells from human monocytes in vitro.- Down-regulation and release of CD14 on human monocytes by IL-4 depends on the presence of serum or GM-CSF.- Serum-free differentiation of rat and human dendritic cells accompanied by acquisition of the nuclear lamins A/C as differentiation markers.- Immunophenotypic and ultrastructural differentiation and maturation of nonlymphoid dendritic cells in osteopetrotic (op) mice with the total absence of macrophage colony stimulating factor activity.- Loading of dendritic cells with antigen in vitro or in vivo by immunotargeting can replace the need for adjuvant.- Migration of alveolar macrophages from alveolar space to paracortical T cell area of the draining lymph node.- Comparison of Langerhans cells and interdigitating reticulum cells.- Migration of dendritic cells during contact sensitization.- Peritoneal cell labelling: A study on the migration of macrophages and dendritic cells towards the gut.- Dendritic Cells "in vivo": Migration and antigen handling.- Follicular dendritic cells: Isolation procedures, short and long term cultures.- Heterogeneity and cellular origin of follicular dendritic cells.- Differential uptake and trapping of TI-2 antigens: An unexpected role for follicular dendritic cells in the induction of TI-2 immune responses.- Ultrastructural heterogeneity of follicular dendritic cells in the human tonsil.- Ultrastructural analysis of human lymph node follicles after HIV-1 infection.- Emperipolesis of lymphoid cells by human follicular dendritic cells in vitro.- The localization of lymphokines in murine germinal centers.- Two different mechanisms of immune-complex trapping in the mouse spleen during immune responses.- Cellular requirements for functional reconstitution of follicular dendritic cells in SCID mice.- Interaction through the LFA-l/ICAM-1 pathway prevents programmed cell death of germinal center B cells.- Membrane expression of Fc? RII/CD23 and release of soluble CD23 by follicular dendritic cells.- Follicular dendritic cells in malignant lymphomas - Distribution phenotypes & ultrastructures.- Lymphoid follicles in Cynomolgus monkeys after infection with simian immunodeficiency virus.- Destruction of follicular dendritic cells in murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS).- Changes in follicular dendritic cell and CD8+ cell function in macaque lymph nodes following infection with SIV251.- Rapid and selective isolation of follicular dendritic cells by low speed centrifugations on discontinuous BSA gradients.- Follicular dendritic cells do not prod…