Introduction to Elementary Particles

Die Elementarteilchenphysik ist auf der ganzen Welt ein fester Bestandteil im Curriculum des Physikstudiums. Umso wichtiger ist es daher, dass auf diesem Gebiet bereits in den ersten Semestern ein solides Wissensfundament gelegt wird - nicht zuletzt als Vorbereitung auf die Themenbereiche Hochenergie- oder Kernphysik. In diesen Band ist die gesamte Lehrerfahrung von David Griffiths eingeflossen - eine begehrte "Ware", die in der Neuauflage nun auch ein Lösungsmanual präsentiert, das die zahlreichen Aufgaben und Fragen der Kapitelenden aufnimmt. Der Autor versteht es, sich den Themen in einer lebendigen Sprache zu nähern, die jedoch im Hinblick auf Präzision keine Kompromisse eingeht. So eröffnet der Band den Zugang zu den Theorien ebenso wie zu Modellen und Rechenoperationen. Das Werk wird von vielen Lehrenden empfohlen und kann bereits jetzt als Klassiker innerhalb der einführenden Werke zur Elementarteilchenphysik bezeichnet werden.

Autorentext

David Griffiths is Professor of Physics at the Reed College in Portland, Oregon. After obtaining his PhD in elementary particle theory at Harvard, he taught at several colleges and universities before joining the faculty at Reed in 1978. He specializes in classical electrodynamics and quantum mechanics as well as elementary particles, and has written textbooks on all three subjects.

Zusammenfassung
In the second, revised edition of a well-established textbook, the author strikes a balance between quantitative rigor and intuitive understanding, using a lively, informal style. The first chapter provides a detailed historical introduction to the subject, while subsequent chapters offer a quantitative presentation of the Standard Model. A simplified introduction to the Feynman rules, based on a "toy" model, helps readers learn the calculational techniques without the complications of spin. It is followed by accessible treatments of quantum electrodynamics, the strong and weak interactions, and gauge theories. New chapters address neutrino oscillations and prospects for physics beyond the Standard Model. The book contains a number of worked examples and many end-of-chapter problems. A complete solution manual is available for instructors.

Inhalt
Preface to the First Edition ix

Preface to the Second Edition xi

Formulas and Constants xiii

Introduction 1

1 Historical Introduction to the Elementary Particles 13

1.1 The Classical ERA (18971932) 13

1.2 The Photon (19001924) 15

1.3 Mesons (19341947) 18

1.4 Antiparticles (19301956) 20

1.5 Neutrinos (19301962) 23

1.6 Strange Particles (19471960) 30

1.7 The Eightfold Way (19611964) 35

1.8 The Quark Model (1964) 37

1.9 The November Revolution and Its Aftermath (19741983 and 1995) 44

1.10 Intermediate Vector Bosons (1983) 47

1.11 The Standard Model (1978?) 49

2 Elementary Particle Dynamics 59

2.1 The Four Forces 59

2.2 Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) 60

2.3 Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) 66

2.4 Weak Interactions 71

2.4.1 Neutral 72

2.4.2 Charged 74

2.4.2.1 Leptons 74

2.4.2.2 Quarks 75

2.4.3 Weak and Electromagnetic Couplings of W and Z 78

2.5 Decays and Conservation Laws 79

2.6 Unification Schemes 84

3 Relativistic Kinematics 89

3.1 Lorentz Transformations 89

3.2 Four-vectors 92

3.3 Energy and Momentum 96

3.4 Collisions 100

3.4.1 Classical Collisions 100

3.4.2 Relativistic Collisions 101

3.5 Examples and Applications 102

4 Symmetries 115

4.1 Symmetries, Groups, and Conservation Laws 115

4.2 Angular Momentum 120

4.2.1 Addition of Angular Momenta 122

4.2.2 Spin 1/2 125

4.3 Flavor Symmetries 129

4.4 Discrete Symmetries 136

4.4.1 Parity 136

4.4.2 Charge Conjugation 142

4.4.3 CP 144

4.4.3.1 Neutral Kaons 145

4.4.3.2 CP Violation 147

4.4.4 Time Reversal and the TCP Theorem 149

5 Bound States 159

5.1 The Schrödinger Equation 159

5.2 Hydrogen 162

5.2.1 Fine Structure 165

5.2.2 The Lamb Shift 166

5.2.3 Hyperfine Splitting 167

5.3 Positronium 169

5.4 Quarkonium 171

5.4.1 Charmonium 174

5.4.2 Bottomonium 175

5.5 Light Quark Mesons 176

5.6 Baryons 180

5.6.1 Baryon Wave Functions 181

5.6.2 Magnetic Moments 189

5.6.3 Masses 191

6 The Feynman Calculus 197

6.1 Decays and Scattering 197

6.1.1 Decay Rates 197

6.1.2 Cross Sections 199

6.2 The Golden Rule 203

6.2.1 Golden Rule for Decays 204

6.2.1.1 Two-particle Decays 206

6.2.2 Golden Rule for Scattering 208

6.2.2.1 Two-body Scattering in the CM Frame 209

6.3 Feynman Rules for a Toy Theory 211

6.3.1 Lifetime of the A 214

6.3.2 A + A B + B Scattering 215

6.3.3 Higher-order Diagrams 217

7 Quantum Electrodynamics 225

7.1 The Dirac Equation 225

7.2 Solutions to the Dirac Equation 229

7.3 Bilinear Covariants 235

7.4 The Photon 238

7.5 The Feynman Rules for QED 241

7.6 Examples 245

7.7 Casimir's Trick 249

7.8 Cross Sections and Lifetimes 254

7.9 Renormalization 262

8 Electrodynamics and Chromodynamics of Quarks 275

8.1 Hadron Production in e+e Collisions 275

8.2 Elastic ElectronProton Scattering 279

8.3 Feynman Rules For Chromodynamics 283

8.4 Color Factors 289

8.4.1 Quark and Antiquark 289

8.4.2 Quark and Quark 292

8.5 Pair Annihilation in QCD 294 8....