Over the past one hundred years in particular, there has been a steady process by which natural resources (such as ground-water, forests, fishing grounds and grazing land) have been increasingly managed by centralised institutions. Governments and other national agencies have argued that this promotes efficiency, equity, and other wide national goals. Recently this orthodoxy has been challenged by rising numbers of experiments that show how centralised management tends to fail. Global, national and local goals are more likely to be met, at lower cost and with other benefits (such as promoting better democratic institutions) by involving local populations in collaborative management agreements. This volume, based on detailed case studies from around the world, subjects some of these experiments to critical study, and suggests limits to the participative approach as well as ways it can be improved and made suitable for new contexts.

Autorentext

STEPHEN BIGGS Senior Lecturer, School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK RABINDRA NATH CHAKRABORTY German Development Institute, Berlin JOHN DE MARCO BirdLife International, Project Manager, Ijim Mountain Forest Project ANNE GARDNER BirdLife International, Ijim Mountain Forest Project NGETA KABIRI Ph.D. Student, Political Science Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill MAX KELLY Ph.D. Student, School of Geography, Kingston University PAUL KERKHOF Research and Development Worker specialised on Forest Resources ANNA LAWRENCE Senior Research Associate, Centre for Natural Resources and Development, Green College, University of Oxford HARRIET MATSAERT Social Anthropologist, Harare ADRIENNE MARTIN Social Development Group, Natural Resource Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent MARYAM NIAMIR-FULLER Land Degradation Advisor and Task Manager, Biodiversity Conservation, GEF/UNDP DEVAKI PANINI Lawyer and Specialist in Environmental Law BACKSON SIBANDA Chief of Evaluation, United Nations Environment Programme FRANK SIMPSON GIRISH SOHANI DAVID THOMAS BirdLife International, Projects and Project Manager

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List of Tables List of Figures Preface and Acknowledgements Notes on the Contributors Introduction; R.Jeffery & B.Vira PART I: WHERE LOCAL CONFLICTS OVER RESOURCE USE MAKE PARTICIPATION UNLIKELY Conflict Management and Mobility Among Pastoralists in Karamoja, Uganda; M.Niamir-Fuller The Social Context of Environmental Education: The Case of the Amboseli Ecosystem, Kajiado; K.Ngeta PART II: LOCAL-LEVEL PROJECTS ATTEWMPTING TO OVERCOME UNSUPPORTIVE NATIONAL CONTEXTS Addressing Livelihood Issues in Conservation Orientated Projects: A Case Study of Pulicat Lake, Tamil Nadu, India; D.Panini Land Husbandry for Sustainable Agricultural Development in a Subsistence Farming Area of Malawi: Farmer Adoption of Introduced Techniques; M.Kelly PART III: LEARNING FROM SUCCESS: WHERE NATIONAL POLICIES ARE SUUPORTIVE, BUT PARTICIPATIVE ACTION IS NOVEL Local Management of Sahelian Forests: P.Kerkhof Campfire: Tonga Cosmovision and Indigenous Knowledge; B.Sibanda Problems Of Intra and Inter-Group Equity in Community Forestry: Evidence from the Terai Region of Nepal; R.N.Chakraborty Benefits to Villagers in Maharashtra, India, from Conjunctive Use of Water Resources; F.Simpson & G.Sohani PART IV: LEARNING FROM SUCCESS: SUPPORTIVE NATIONAL POLICIES AND LOCAL INITIATIVES Creating New Knowledge for Soil and Water Conservation in Bolivia; A.Lawrence Devolution of Decisionmaking: Lessons from Community Forest Management at the Kilum-Ijim Forest Project, Cameroon; D.Thomas, A.Gardner & J.DeMarco Changing Natural Resource Research and Development Capability: Whither Social Capital?; S.Biggs, H.Matsaert & A.Martin References Index