Active botanical ingredients are a prime requirement for herbal formulations and discovering a drug is all about integration of science disciplines. In recent decades there has been a growing interest in treating wounds and diseases using traditional remedies based on local herbs, combined with chemical advances. Although this has led to the development of new bioactive ingredients from plants, there has been little success in terms of clinical trials and post-marketing studies to comply with FDA guidelines. Plants have been used as a source of medicine throughout history and continue to serve as the basis for many pharmaceuticals used today. However, despite the modern pharmaceutical industry being founded on botanical medicine, synthetic approaches to drug discovery have now become standard. Science-driven translational discovery and botanical development has created a new reality, leading to enormous changes in strategies, technologies and the disciplines involved, which have been embraced by the pharmaceutical and biotech industries.

This book gathers scientific expertise and traditional knowledge to promote the discovery and development of new formulations and drugs based on active ingredients and to provide guidance on taking these to clinical trials. It discusses major topics, such as how the phytochemical composition of many plants has changed over time due to factors like cultivation, which can have both positive and negative effects on the levels of bioactive compounds. It also explores the importance of plants as a valuable source of therapeutic compounds as a result of their vast biosynthetic capacity, and classifies them according to their intended use, safety and regulatory status. Further, the book offers insights into the regulatory aspects of botanical products, which is an important issue when considering standardization and quality assessment, and also examines the commercial aspects of plant-derived medications and their proven role in the treatment of chronic diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, pain, asthma, and other associated conditions. Given its scope, this book is a valuable tool for botanists, natural product chemists, pharmacologists and microbiologists involved in the study of phytochemicals for drug discovery. 

Dr. Bikarma Singh is working as a Senior Scientist at the Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), J&K, which is one of India's leading Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) institutes. He is also an Assistant Professor at AcSIR, Ghaziabad, and a Ph.D. Supervisor in the University of Jammu. He graduated and received a gold medal in Plant Sciences (Botany) from the North-Eastern Hill University Shillong in 2005, and completed his Doctorate Degree in Botany at Gauhati University (Assam) and the Botanical Survey of India (Shillong) Meghalaya in 2012. He began his career as a Scientist-Ecologist at WAPCOS Ltd, Gurgaon and joined IIIM's Department of Plant Sciences in 2013. Dr. Singh has 15 year's research experience in Plant Sciences, particularly in systematic and biotechnology, ethnobotany, value addition from essential oils, natural products, ecology, germplasm conservation and EIA. He is a reviewer for several national and international SCI and UGC listed journals, and has organized numerous seminars and workshops. He was named an 'Outstanding Scientist in Botany in 2019' by Venus International Foundation, Chennai and two of his Ph.D. students received best research paper awards in 2019. He has authored/co-authored 9 books and published 88 research papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals. His notable publications include Plants for Human Survival and Medicine, Plants of Commercial Value, Plant-Human Relations & Future Drug Discovery. He holds 2 international patents, and has served as PI/Co-PI/team member for more than 40 research projects funded by government and private organizations. He is a member of several research committees, and has delivered invited talks as key-note speaker/lecturer at various conferences, seminars and workshops.

Autorentext

Dr. Bikarma Singh is working as a Senior Scientist at the Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), J&K, which is one of India's leading Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) institutes. He is also an Assistant Professor at AcSIR, Ghaziabad, and a Ph.D. Supervisor in the University of Jammu. He graduated and received a gold medal in Plant Sciences (Botany) from the North-Eastern Hill University Shillong in 2005, and completed his Doctorate Degree in Botany at Gauhati University (Assam) and the Botanical Survey of India (Shillong) Meghalaya in 2012. He began his career as a Scientist-Ecologist at WAPCOS Ltd, Gurgaon and joined IIIM's Department of Plant Sciences in 2013. Dr. Singh has 15 year's research experience in Plant Sciences, particularly in systematic and biotechnology, ethnobotany, value addition from essential oils, natural products, ecology, germplasm conservation and EIA. He is a reviewer for several national and international SCI and UGC listed journals, and has organized numerous seminars and workshops. He was named an 'Outstanding Scientist in Botany in 2019' by Venus International Foundation, Chennai and two of his Ph.D. students received best research paper awards in 2019. He has authored/co-authored 9 books and published 88 research papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals. His notable publications include Plants for Human Survival and Medicine, Plants of Commercial Value, Plant-Human Relations & Future Drug Discovery. He holds 2 international patents, and has served as PI/Co-PI/team member for more than 40 research projects funded by government and private organizations. He is a member of several research committees, and has delivered invited talks as key-note speaker/lecturer at various conferences, seminars and workshops.

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1.Cannabinoids as Promising Anti-Inflammatory Agent..............................Nagma Banjare, Bhushan S. Bhale and Prem N. Gupta1.Introduction2.Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Profile3.Uses in different inflammatory disease condition3.1.Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)3.2Type 1 Daibetes Mellitus (DM1)3.3.Multiple Sclerosis (MS)3.4.Alzheimer's disease (AD)3.5.Edema and hyperalgesia3.6.Inflammatory lung diseases (ILD)3.7.Atherosclerosis4.ConclusionAbbreviationsCompeting of interestAcknowledgementReferences
2.Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Rhodiola imbricata, a High Value Medicinal Herb of Cold Desert Himalaya............................................
Venugopal Singamaneni, Upasana Sharma, Bashir Lone and Prasoon Gupta1.Introduction2.Morphology and Distribution of Golden root3.Traditional Uses 4.Phytochemistry5.Phyto-chemotypes identified through GC-MS5.1.Phyto-chemotypes identified from n-hexane root extract5.2.Phyto-chemotypes identified from Chloroform root extract5.3.Phyto-chemotypes identified from Dichloroethane root extract5.4.Phyto-chemotypes identified from Ethyl acetate root extract5.5.Phyto-chemotypes identified from methanol root extract5.6.Phyto-chemotypes identified in 60% ethanol root extract:6.Biological Aspects6.1.Immunomodulatory Activity6.1.1.IL-6, TNF- and NO Production:6.1.2.Phosphorylated I-kB in Human PBMCs:6.1.3.Activation of Transcription Factor NF-B in Human PBMCs:6.2.Radiomodulatory and Free-Radical Scavenging Activity:6.2.1.Electron donation ability of aqua-alcoholic fractionated extract: 6.2.2.O•-2 Quenching Ability of Aqua-Alcoholic Fractionated Extract6.2.3.NO Scavenging Potential of Aqua-Alcoholic Fractionated Extract6.2.4.Erythrocyte Protection Potential of Aqua-Alcoholic Fractionated Extract6.3.Anti Cellular and Immunomodulatory Activity:6.3.1.Haemolytic activity6.3.2.Effect on proliferation of HL60 and EL-4 cells6.3.3.ELISPOT Assay for TNF-6.3.4.Effect on RANTES Production6.4.Immunopotentiating…