This SpringerBrief is an extension of the article "Parallelization: the fourth leg of cultural globalization theory" (Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 2021) by Dr. Björn Boman. The original article consisted of four main examples of parallelization, and has been expanded to include chapters on Korea, Russia-Ukraine, and Georgia. This book points to the relations between oppositely directed processes and the need for theoretical modelling of complex societal processes.

Autorentext

Björn Boman has obtained a PhD in education from Stockholm University, and a master's degree in history and the social science of religion from Uppsala University, as well as master's degree in education from Uppsala University. He has also studied the Korean language as well as Russian history and politics at Stockholm University. Dr. Boman has published extensively on academic achievement and cognitive ability, South Korea's cultural history, and the Russia-Ukraine war.