Bioelectrosynthesis

Introduces basic principles and mechanisms, covers new developments, and provides a different view of the main facets of bioelectrosynthesis

Bioelectrosynthesis represents a promising approach for storing renewable energy or producing target chemicals in an energy-sustainable and low-cost way. This timely and important book systemically introduces the hot issues surrounding bioelectrosynthesis, including potential value-added products via bioelectrochemical system, reactor development of bioelectrosynthesis, and microbial biology on biofilm communities and metabolism pathways. It presents readers with unique viewpoints on basic principles and mechanisms along with new developments on reactor and microbial ecology.

Beginning with a principle and products overview of bioelectrosynthesis, Bioelectrosynthesis: Principles and Technologies for Value-Added Products goes on to offer in-depth sections on: biogas production and upgrading technology via bioelectrolysis; organic synthesis on cathodes; chemical products and nitrogen recovery; external electron transfer and electrode material promotion; and the microbiology of bioelectrosynthesis. Topics covered include: hydrogen production from waste stream with microbial electrolysis cell; microbial electrolysis cell; inorganic compound synthesis in bioelectrochemical system; microbial growth, ecological, and metabolic characteristics in bioelectrosynthesis systems; microbial metabolism kinetics and interactions in bioelectrosynthesis system; and more.

• Comprehensively covers all of the key issues of biolelectrosynthesis
• Features contributions from top experts in the field
• Examines the conversion of organic wastes to methane via electromethanogenesis; methane production at biocathodes; extracellular electron transport of electroactive biofilm; and more

Bioelectrosynthesis: Principles and Technologies for Value-Added Products will appeal to chemists, electrochemists, environmental chemists, water chemists, microbiologists, biochemists, and graduate students involved in the field.

Autorentext

Aijie Wang, PhD, is Professor and Director of School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering of Harbin Institute of Technology, and Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Her current interests are in wastewater biological treatment and resource recovery, bio(electro)degradation of environmental pollutants and corresponding mechanisms, and bioelectrochemical stimulated technology for recalcitrant compounds biodegradation. Wenzong Liu, PhD, is Associate professor at Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen. His research interests are the electron transfer mechanism of bioelectrochemical degradation of organic pollutants, microbial ecology related to bioenergy and bioresource recovery. Bo Zhang, PhD, is Assistant professor at Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include bioelectrochemical systems and extracellular electron transfer in engineered and natural systems. Weiwei Cai is a PhD student at Harbin Institute of Technology. His main interests focus on electron transfer of bioelectrochemical methane production; in situ accelerating and upgrading methane with aid of bioelectrochemistry; ecology dynamics related to bio(electro)-methanogenesis from wastes and wastewater; and molecular mechanism of bio-methanogenesis coupling emerging techniques.

Inhalt
Preface xiii

Section I Principle and Products Overview of Bioelectrosynthesis 1

1 Principle and Product Overview of Bioelectrosynthesis **3
**Fang Zhang, Yuquan Wei, and Guanghe Li

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 Evolution of Bioelectrosynthesis 6

1.3 Fundamental Principles of Bioelectrosynthesis 9

1.4 Plethora of Applications for Chemical Production 11

1.4.1 Hydrogen Production 11

1.4.2 Methane Production 12

1.4.3 Alcohol Production 16

1.4.4 Short-chain Organic Acid Production 17

1.4.5 Ammonia Production and Nitrogen Recovery 23

1.5 Key Factors for Improving MES Performance 26

1.5.1 Electron Transfer from the Cathode to the Cell 26

1.5.2 Cathode Materials 27

1.6 Summary 29

References 29

Section II Biogas Production and Upgrading Technology via Bioelectrolysis 39

2 Hydrogen Production from Waste Stream with Microbial Electrolysis Cells **41
**Defeng Xing, Yang Yang, Zhen Li, Han Cui, Dongmei Ma, Xiaoyu Cai, and Jiayu Gu

2.1 Construction of MEC and Scale-up 42

2.1.1 Laboratory-Scale MEC 44

2.1.2 Pilot-Scale MEC 46

2.2 Electrode Material of MEC 47

2.2.1 Anode of MEC 47

2.2.2 Cathode of MEC 49

2.2.2.1 Cathode Base Materials in MEC 49

2.2.2.2 Cathode Catalysts in MEC 49

2.2.2.3 Biological Catalysts in MEC 51

2.3 Effect of Operation Conditions on Hydrogen Production 51

2.3.1 Effect of Substrate on Hydrogen Production 51

2.3.2 Effects of Applied Voltage and Magnetic Field on Hydrogen Production 52

2.3.3 Effect of pH on Hydrogen Production 54

2.3.4 Effect of Temperature on Hydrogen Production 54

2.4 Electroactive Biofilm Microbiome and Syntrophic Interaction in MEC 54

2.4.1 Anodic EAM and Biofilm Formation 55

2.4.2 EAM in the Cathode 56

2.4.3 Microbial Community and Syntrophic Interaction 58

2.4.3.1 Pure Culture and Mixed Culture 58

2.4.3.2 Microbiome in Electroactive Biofilms 58

2.4.3.3 Suppressing the Methanogens 59

2.5 Coupled System for Biohydrogen Production 60

2.5.1 MECMFC-Coupled System for Biohydrogen Production 60

2.5.2 ADMEC-Coupled System for Hydrogen Production 60

2.5.3 Solar-Powered MEC-Coupled System for Hydrogen Production 61

2.5.4 Other Modified MEC System for Hydrogen Production 61

2.6 Challenges and Outlook 62

Acknowledgment 63

References 64

3 A Promising Strategy for Renewable Energy Recovery: Conversion of OrganicWastes to Methane via Electromethanogenesis **71
**Zhiqiang Zhao and Yaobin Zhang

3.1 Introduction 71

3.2 Advances in Electromethanogenesis 72

3.3 Mechanisms of Electromethanogenesis 75

3.3.1 Electron Transfer from Electrode to Methanogens 75

3.3.2 Microbial Communities of Biocathode 77

3.4 Applications of Electromethanogenesis 81

3.4.1 Renewable Energy Storage 81

3.4.2 Biogas Upgrading 82

3.4.3 Organic Waste Treatment 83

3.5 Outlook 86

References 87

4 Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC): An Innovative Waste to Bioenergy and Value-Added By-product Technology **95
**Abudukeremu Kadier, Najeeb K. N. Al-Shorgani, Dipak A. Jadhav, Jayesh M. Sonawane, Abhilasha S.Mathuriya,Mohd S. Kalil, Hassimi A. Hasan, and Khulood Fahad Saud Alabbosh

4.1 Introduction 95

4.2 Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) for Hydrogen Production and Waste Treatment 96

4.2.1 Working Principles 96

4.2.2 Advantages of MEC Over Other Potential Waste Treatment Technologies 97

4.3 Different Types of Waste Feedstocks Used in MECs 99

4.3.1 Simple or Defined Substrates 99

4.3.1.1 Glucose 106

4.3.1.2 Acetate 106 4....