Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving procedure that has been used for decades to treat patients with respiratory failure. In recent years there have been major advances in our understanding of how to ventilate patients, when to initiate and discontinue ventilation, and importantly, the side effects of mechanical ventilation. This book represents a state-of-the-art review by the leading experts in this field and covers a number of important topics including epidemiology, underlying physiological concepts, and approaches to monitoring. The pros and cons of various modes of ventilation are reviewed, as are novel forms of ventilation that may play a role in the future management of patients with respiratory failure. The importance of patient-ventilator synchrony and ventilator-induced lung injury are reviewed, with a focus on recent clinical trials and the challenges of implementing the results into clinical practice.

Inhalt

Epidemiology.- The Importance of Acute Respiratory Failure in the ICU.- The Epidemiology of Mechanical Ventilation.- Long-term Outcomes of Mechanical Ventilation.- Understanding and Changing the Practice of Mechanical Ventilation in the Community.- Patient-ventilator Interactions, Weaning, and Monitoring.- Control of Breathing During Mechanical Ventilation.- Patient-ventilator Interactions.- Physiological Rationale for Ventilation of Patients with Obstructive Diseases.- Role of the Clinician in Adjusting Ventilator Parameters During Assisted Ventilation.- Neurally-adjusted Ventilatory Assist.- Liberating Patients from Mechanical Ventilation: What Have We Learned About Protocolizing Care?.- Novel Approaches to Monitoring Mechanical Ventilatory Support.- Non-invasive Ventilation.- Indications for Non-invasive Ventilation.- Non-invasive Ventilation: Causes of Success or Failure.- Non-invasive Ventilation in Immunocompromised Patients.- ARDS/VILI: Mechanisms.- Biophysical Factors Leading to VILI.- Vascular Contribution to VILI.- VILI: Physiological Evidence.- Systemic Effects of Mechanical Ventilation.- ARDS/VILI: Assessment.- Chest Wall Mechanics in ARDS.- Targets in Mechanical Ventilation for ARDS.- How to Detect VILI at the Bedside.- Lung Morphology in ARDS: How it Impacts Therapy.- ARDS/VILI: Therapy.- Recruitment Maneuvers in ARDS.- Spontaneous Breathing During Ventilatory Support in Patients with ARDS.- Pressure Support Ventilation in Patients With ALI/ARDS.- Prone Ventilation.- Adjuncts to Mechanical Ventilation for ARDS Including Biological Variability.- Summary of Clinical Trials of Mechanical Ventilation in ARDS.