Aquaculture Ecosystems

Aquaculture Ecosystems contains a thorough and exciting synthesis of current information on aquaculture practices and substantial discussion of the way forward in transforming the aquaculture industry by improving its sustainability. This important book includes discussion of all the current major issues relating to aquaculture practices in relation to the ecology of their situations, environmental concerns, and details of how sustainability can be improved. Efforts have been made to include chapters that go beyond the stage of debate on old topics, providing conclusions to provide leads for action plans and practices addressing modern challenges such as global climate change. Commencing with a chapter covering concerns and solutions centred around seafood security, the following chapters cover the biology and behavior of aquatic animals and their selection for use in aquaculture systems, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, nutrient inputs and pollution, biofouling, blue carbon stocks in coastal aquaculture, climate change adaptations and knowledge management in aquaculture. Written by internationally-recognized experts in aquaculture and ecology, and edited by Saleem Mustafa, well known for his work in aquatic sciences, the book provides a great deal of use and interest to all those involved in aquaculture planning and development, environmental sciences and aquatic ecology. All libraries in universities and research establishments where biological sciences and aquaculture are studied and taught should have copies of this vital reference on their shelves.

Autorentext
About the Editors

Saleem Mustafa and Rossita Shapawi are based at the Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia
Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia.

Klappentext

Aquaculture Ecosystems focusses on incorporating elements of adaptability and sustainability in aquaculture with a view to change the course of the development of the aquaculture industry towards an ecosystem approach. The book's contents have been structured to reflect the importance of forging synergies between aquaculture and other methods of seafood production. With the stagnation of capture fisheries, the future development of the aquaculture industry is vital to provide seafood security for the ever-expanding word population.

Aquaculture Ecosystems synthesises a huge wealth of information on current methods in aquaculture, drawing on best practice from established systems, and identifying areas to be modified to facilitate a sustainable way forward. This exciting new book points to the importance of adopting new models for the development of aquaculture; models which can evolve in an environmentally-compatible way. Detailed coverage is provided of the most important issues facing the ever-growing aquaculture industry, including the biology and behavior of aquatic animals and their selection for use in aquaculture systems, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, nutrient inputs and pollution, biofouling, blue carbon stocks in coastal aquaculture, climate change adaptations, and knowledge management in aquaculture.

Written by many internationally-recognised experts from around the globe and including new topics that have not been covered in this way in other aquaculture books, Aquaculture Ecosystems is an essential purchase for all those involved in the science and practice of aquaculture, in aquaculture policy development, planning, and the increasingly-important global aquaculture trade and economy. All universities and research establishments where biological sciences, aquaculture, fisheries, environmental sciences, and economics are studied and taught should have copies of this landmark book on their shelves.

About the Editors
Saleem Mustafa and Rossita Shapawi are based at the Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia.

Also available from Wiley Blackwell

Aquaculture, Resource Use and the Environment
C Boyd & A McNevin
978-0-470-95919-0

Aquaculture Nutrition: Gut Health, Prebiotics and Probiotics
D Merrifield & E Ringo
978-0-470-67271-6

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society
Published bi-monthly
Print ISSN: 0893-8849
Online ISSN: 1749-7345

Zusammenfassung

Aquaculture Ecosystems contains a thorough and exciting synthesis of current information on aquaculture practices and substantial discussion of the way forward in transforming the aquaculture industry by improving its sustainability. This important book includes discussion of all the current major issues relating to aquaculture practices in relation to the ecology of their situations, environmental concerns, and details of how sustainability can be improved. Efforts have been made to include chapters that go beyond the stage of debate on old topics, providing conclusions to provide leads for action plans and practices addressing modern challenges such as global climate change.

Commencing with a chapter covering concerns and solutions centred around seafood security, the following chapters cover the biology and behavior of aquatic animals and their selection for use in aquaculture systems, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, nutrient inputs and pollution, biofouling, blue carbon stocks in coastal aquaculture, climate change adaptations and knowledge management in aquaculture.

Written by internationally-recognized experts in aquaculture and ecology, and edited by Saleem Mustafa, well known for his work in aquatic sciences, the book provides a great deal of use and interest to all those involved in aquaculture planning and development, environmental sciences and aquatic ecology. All libraries in universities and research establishments where biological sciences and aquaculture are studied and taught should have copies of this vital reference on their shelves.

Inhalt

Contributors xi

Preface xiii

**1 Sustainability of seafood production challenges and the way forward 1
**Saleem Mustafa

1.1 Sustainability issues and concerns 1

1.2 The emergence of aquaculture 4

1.2.1 Selecting culture sites 6

1.2.2 Effects of climate change 9

1.2.3 Impact of aquaculture on climate change 15

1.2.4 Adaptation to climate change 17

1.3 Biotechnology intervention 22

1.4 Ecological fisheriesecological aquaculture synergy 29

**2 Biology of aquaculture animals learning from nature to manage culture 37
**Rossita Shapawi and Sitti Raehanah M. Shaleh

2.1 The aquatic ecosystems 37

2.2 Attributes of aquatic animals for production efficiency 41

2.3 Biological characteristics 42

2.4 Diversity and general organization 49

2.4.1 Molluscs 49

2.4.2 Echinoderms 52

2.4.3 Crustaceans 54

2.4.4 Fish 56

2.5 Selection of species for culture 65

2.5.1 Market demand 65

2.5.2 Tolerance to crowding 65

2.5.3 Feeding habits and nutritional requirements 66

2.5.4 Resistance to environmental variations 66

2.5.5 Disease resistance 66

**3 Fish behaviour and aquaculture 68
**Gunzo Kawamura, Teodora U. Bagarinao and Lim Leong Seng

3.1 Introduction 68

3.2 Sensory systems and functions 70

3.2.1 Vision 70

3.2.2 Photopic and scotopic vision 70

3.2.3 Ultraviolet vision 71

3.2.4 Colour vision 72

3.3 Photoreception by the pineal organ 72

3.3.1 Chemoreception by the olfactory organ 74

3.3.2 Chemoreception by taste buds 75

3.3.3 Mechanoreception by the lateral line organ 75

3.3.4 Mechanoreception by the inner ear 77

3.4 Ontogeny of the sense organs in fish larvae 77

3.5 Effect of colour on fish larvae and juveniles in tanks and cages 80

3.6 Preference of fish for colour of prey or feed 89

3.7 Effect of turbidity on fish feeding 90

3.8 Food search, taste preference and feed stimulants 91

3.9 Prey preference of captive tuna 92

3.10 Net collisions of juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna in cages 93

3.11 Predator a…