This book covers various aspects of spatial data modelling specifically regarding three-dimensional (3D) modelling and structuring. The realization of "true" 3D geoinformation spatial systems requires a high input, and the developmental process is taking place in various research centers and universities around the globe. The development of such systems and solutions, including the modelling theories are presented in this book.

Inhalt
Keynotes.- 3D Geometries in Spatial DBMS.- A Web 3D Service for Navigation Applications.- 3D Spatial Data Acquisition LIDAR and Digital Photogrammetry.- Integration of Photogrammetric and LIDAR Data in a Multi-Primitive Triangulation Environment.- LIDAR-Aided True Orthophoto and DBM Generation System.- Surface Matching Strategy for Quality Control of LIDAR Data.- On-line Integration of Photogrammetry and GIS to Generate Fully Structured Data for GIS.- 3D Spatial Data Modelling and Representation.- 3D Integral Modeling for City Surface & Subsurface.- Spatial Object Structure for Handling 3D Geodata in GRIFINOR.- The Study and Application of Object-oriented Hyper-graph Spatio-temporal Reasoning Model.- Using 3D Fuzzy topological relationships for Checking of Spatial Relations between Dynamic Air Pollution Cloud and City Population Density.- 3D Modeling Moving Objects under Uncertainty Conditions.- Research on a feature based spatio-temporal data model.- 0-D Feature in 3D Planar Polygon Testing for 3D Spatial Analysis.- Definition of the 3D content and geometric level of congruence of numeric cartography.- 3D multi-scale modelling of the interior of the Real Villa of Monza (ITALY).- 3D GIS Frameworks.- On The Road To 3D Geographic Systems: Important Aspects of Global Model-Mapping Technology.- Cristage: A 3D GIS with A Logical Crystallographic Layer To Enable Complex Analyses.- The Democratizing Potential of Geographic Exploration Systems (GES) Through the Example of GRIFINOR.- The Integration Methods of 3D GIS and 3D CAD.- 3D Navigation for 3D-GIS Initial Requirements.- Web-based GIS-Transportation Framework Data Services using GML, SVG and X3D.- 3D Geo-database Implementation using Craniofacial Geometric Morphometrics Database System.- GIS-based MultidimensionalApproach for Modeling Infrastructure Interdependency.- Conception of a 3D Geodata Web Service for the Support of Indoor Navigation with GNSS.- 3D Objects Reconstruction.- Reconstruction of 3D Model Based on Laser Scanning.- Automatic Generation of Pseudo Continuous LoDs for 3D Polyhedral Building Model.- Reconstruction of Complex Buildings using LIDAR and 2D Maps.- Building Reconstruction Outside and In.- Skeletonization of Laser-Scanned Trees in the 3D Raster Domain.- Automated 3D Modeling of Buildings in Suburban Areas Based on Integration of Image and Height Data.- Automatically Extracting 3D Models and Network Analysis for Indoors.- 3D City Modelling.- Improving the Realism of Existing 3D City Models.- Different Quality Level Processes and Products for Ground-based 3D City and Road Modeling.- Texture Generation and Mapping Using Video Sequences for 3D Building Models.- Design and Implementation of Mobile 3D City Landscape Authoring/Rendering System.- Macro to Micro Archaeological Documentation: Building a 3D GIS Model for Jerash City and the Artemis Temple.- Building 3D GIS Modeling Applications in Jordan: Methodology and Implementation Aspects.- 3D Mapping, Cadastre and Utility.- Moving Towards 3D From a National Mapping Agency Perspective.- An Approach for 3D Visualization of Pipelines.- Developing Malaysian 3D Cadastre System preliminary findings.- Developing 3D Registration System for 3D Cadastre.- 3D Visualization.- Volumetric Spatiotemporal Data Model.- Use of 3D Visualization in Natural Disaster Risk Assessment for Urban Areas.- Development and Design of 3D Virtual Laboratory for Chemistry Subject Based on Constructivism-Cognitivism-Contextual Approach.- The 3D Fusion and Visualization of Phototopographic Data.- Integrating a Computational FluidDynamics Simulation and Visualization with a 3D Virtual Walkthrough A Case Study of Putrajaya.- A Geospatial Approach to Managing Public Housing on Superlots.- 3D Visualization and Virtual Reality for Cultural Heritage Diagnostic.- 3D Terrain Modeling and Digital Orthophoto Generation.- True Ortho-photo Generation from High Resolution Satellite Imagery.- Development of Country Mosaic Using IRS-WiFS Data.- Digital Terrain Models Derived from SRTM Data and Kriging.- The St Mark's Basilica Pavement: The Digital Orthophoto 3D Realisation to the Real Scale 1:1 for the Modelling and the Conservative Restoration.- The Application of GIS in Maritime Boundary Delimitation.- Integration of GIS and Digital Photogrammetry in Building Space Analysis.- An Integration of Digital Photogrammetry and GIS for Historical Building Documentation.- Reconstruction of Three Dimensional Ocean Bathymetry Using Polarised TOPSAR Data.