This book critically explores indigenous sub-Saharan African agrarian thought. Indigenous African agrarian philosophy is an uncharted and largely overlooked area of study in the burgeoning fields of African philosophy and philosophy of nature. The book shows that wherever human beings have lived, they have been preoccupied with exploring ways to ensure the sustainable management of limited resources at their disposal, to attain to their basic needs: food, shelter, and security. The book also shows that agriculture and the way people relate with nature are an essential, but generally neglected, determinant of the emergence and orientation of all philosophical traditions. In traditional, pre-colonial African culture, it was difficult to separate agriculture from African relational ontology. Agriculture and the use of natural resources were at the centre of community life and influenced the social, political, economic, and spiritual worldviews of the people. In their contact with nature through agriculture, different beliefs, knowledge systems, norms, moral outlooks, cultural practices and institutions emerged and have been valorized to guide societies on how to sustainably manage the environment. As a way of life, then, agriculture was deeply connected with indigenous beliefs, values, and practices which transcended a wide range of issues related to ecological ethics, food ethics, religion, traditional medicine, political economy, social organisation, biological reproduction and species survival, indigenous knowledge, and property rights. This book will thus be a valuable resource for policy makers and researchers in diverse fields such as philosophy, geography, sociology, anthropology, and development studies.

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Mbih Jerome Tosam is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Bamenda, Cameroon. He obtained his Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon, in 2011. He is former Chair of the Department of Philosophy at the Higher Teacher Training College (HTTC), Bambili (2011-2017) and the Faculty of Arts of the University of Bamenda, Cameroon (2017-2021). His research interests are in the areas of Bioethics, African Philosophy, and Intercultural philosophy. Some of his publications have appeared in the following journals: South African Journal of Philosophy, Annali di studi religiosi, Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy: A European Journal, Developing World Bioethics, Journal of World Philosophies, and Polylog: Forum for Intercultural Philosophy. Erasmus Masitera (June 3 1979- March 1 2022) was a senior lecturer in Philosophy in the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies at Great Zimbabwe University, Masvingo, Zimbabwe. At the time of his demise, he was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of the Free State, South Africa. His research areas revolved around the connections of Ethics, Ubuntu, land reform, and social justice.