The establishment of clean, safe water is one of the major challenges facing societies around the globe. The continued urbanization of human populations, the increasing manipulation of natural resources, and the resulting pollution are driving remarkable burden on water resources. Increasing demands for food, energy, and natural resources are expected to continue to accelerate in the near future in response to the demands of these changing human populations. In addition, the complexity of human activities is leading to a diversity of new chemical contaminants in the environment that represent a major concern for water managers. This will create increased pressure on both water quantity and quality, making it increasingly dif cult to provide a sustainable supply of water for human welfare and activities.Although protection of water resources is the best long-term solution, we will also need innovative novel approaches and technologies to water treatment to ensure an adequate superiorquality resource to meet these needs. Solving tomorrow's water issues will require unique approaches that incorporate emerging new technologies.

Great advances have been made in the area of nanotechnology. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials are extensively used in antibacterial medical products, membrane filters, electronics, catalysts, and biosensors. Nanoparticles can have distinctly different properties from their bulk counterparts, creating the opportunity for new materials with a diversity of applications. Recent developments related to water treatment include the potential use of carbon nanotubes, nanocompositae, nanospheres, nanöbers, and nanowires for the removal of a diversity of chemical pollutants. By exploiting the assets and structure of these new materials, such as increased surface area, high reactivity, and photocatalytic action, it will be possible to create technologies that can be very ef cient at removing and degrading environmental pollutants. Understanding and using these unique properties should lead to innovative, cost-effective applications for addressing the complexities of emerging needs for water treatment and protection. Although still in the early stages, research into the application of nanotechnology shows great promise for solving some of these major global water issues. This comprehensive text describes the latest research and application methods in this rapidly advancing field.

Autorentext
Ram Prasad, Ph.D. is associate with Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India since 2005. His research interest includes microbiology, plant-microbe-interactions, sustainable agriculture and microbial nanobiotechnology. Dr. Prasad has more than hundred publications to his credit, including research papers, review articles & book chapters and five patents issued or pending, and edited or authored several books. Dr. Prasad has twelve years of teaching experience and he has been awarded the Young Scientist Award (2007) & Prof. J.S. Datta Munshi Gold Medal (2009) by the International Society for Ecological Communications; FSAB fellowship (2010) by the Society for Applied Biotechnology; the American Cancer Society UICC International Fellowship for Beginning Investigators, USA (2014); Outstanding Scientist Award (2015) in the field of Microbiology by Venus International Foundation; BRICPL Science Investigator Award (ICAABT-2017) and Research Excellence Award (2018). He has been serving as editorial board member: Frontiers in Microbiology, Frontiers in Nutrition, Academia Journal of Biotechnology including series editor of Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences, Springer Nature, USA. Previously, Dr. Prasad served as Visiting Assistant Professor, Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University, USA and presently, working as Research Associate Professor at School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Thirugnanasambandham Karchiyappan, Ph.D. is pursuing a career that contributes the valuable teaching and research in the area of Chemistry and Engineering. He completed Bachelors & Master's degree in Chemistry from Bharathiyar University, Tamilnadu, India and did Ph.D. in Chemistry (Anna University, Tamilnadu, India) by studying industrial wastewater treatment. He has been focused the research area of wastewater and drinking water purification, biogas generation, CO2 capture, biodegradable polymers and fermentation technology. He has published twenty five research articles in international peer review journals and attended the more than ten seminars or conferences. Presently, working as Post-Doctoral Research Fellow in UEM, Brazil.

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Preface

1. Application of nanomaterials in bio-electrochemical water treatment

Ram Prasad* and K. Thirugnanasanbandham

School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University

Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Brazil

2. Nanomaterials in the development of biosensors. Application in the determination of pollutants in water

Germán A. Messina, Matías Regiart, Sirley V. Pereira, Franco A. Bertolino, Pedro R. Aranda, Julio Raba, Martín A. Fernández Baldo*

Instituto de Química de San Luis (INQUISAL) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Chacabuco 917, D5700BWS, San Luis, Argentina.

3. Water and wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemical systems

Emre Ouz Körolu

Department of Environmental Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, stanbul, Turkey

4. New technologies to remove halides from water: An overview

J. Rivera-Utrilla1*, M. Sánchez-Polo1, A.M.S. Polo1, J.J Lopez-Peñalver1, M.V. López-Ramón2

1Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, ES18071-Granada, Spain

2Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Science, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain

5. Clay-based nano-composites: Potential materials for water treatment applications

Rabia Nazir1*, Lubna Tahir1

1Applied Chemistry Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Complex, Lahore, Pakistan

6. Silver nanoparticles as a biocide for water treatment applications

Renat R. Khaydarov1, Olga Gapurova1, Ilnur Garipov1, Lutfi Firdaus2 ***

1Institute of Nuclear Physics, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

2University of Bengkulu, Indonesia

7. Emerging pollutants degradation using Fe-doped TiO2 under UV and visible light

Irwing M. Ramírez-Sánchez1*, Erick R. Bandala2,3

1Universidad de las Americas, Puebla. Sta. Catarina Martir, Cholula 72810 Puebla. Mexico

2Desert Research Institute, 755 E. Flamingo Road, Las Vegas, 89119-7363 Nevada, USA

3Graduate Program Hydrologic Sciences. University of Nevada, Reno. Reno, NV 89557, USA

8. Bionanocomposite materials based on titanium oxide/clay for waste water treatment

Soulaime chkirida, Nadia zari, Rachid Bouhfid*, Abou El Kacem Qaiss

Université Mohammed V Rabat, Faculté des sciences, Av Ibn batouta BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco

9. Improvement of mechanical properties of hydro-thermal aged glass fiber reinforced polymer composites through nano-TiO2 and Al2O3

Ramesh Kumar Nayak1* and Bankim Chandra Ray2

1School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

2Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Odisha

1**0. Water pollution remediation techniques with special focus on ad…