This study aims to present the conditions allowing for a theory of society which is both objective and, at the same time, critical. The author bases his argument on Kant's theoretical and practical philosophy, in particular on the relationship between the concepts of nature and of liberty in his three Critiques.

The discussion of the theoretical conception of Horkheimer's and Adorno's critical theory against the background of Kant's philosophy leads towards a theory of society which can meet the demands both of objectivity and of a moral assessment of the object of the theory.