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Social Issues in Computing provides information pertinent to the social implications of technology. This book presents the highly dynamic interaction between computers and society.
Organized into 13 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the problems associated with computers and attempts to indicate some of the viewpoints, assumptions, and biases from which the discussion is undertaken. This text then examines in detail the effects of computers on society ad describes the extent of computer use. Other chapters consider the disparities in computer use between various countries, as well as the degree to which various countries are able to share in the market for computer products and services. This book discusses as well the factors that led to the rapid and widespread adoption of computers. The final chapter deals with the effects of automation, computers, and technology.
This book is a valuable resource for computer science students and research workers.
Contenu
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Problems and Issues
1.1. The Spectrum
1.2. Issues
1.3. Viewpoints
General Bibliography
Chapter 2. Computer Use: Extent and Growth
2.1. The Number of Installations
2.2. Other Measures
2.3. The Change in Quality
2.4. Projections
2.5. Disparities
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 3. Computer Use: Where and Why
3.1. Areas of Use
3.2. Motivating Forces
3.3. Limiting Factors
3.4. Computers in Developing Countries
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 4. Files, Data Banks, and Information Systems
4.1. System Requirements
4.2. Organization
4.3. Complexity
4.4. Record Linkage
4.5. System Security
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 5. Information Systems and Privacy
5.1. Personal Data
5.2. Privacy and Information Gathering
5.3. Data Banks and Dossiers
5.4. Legal Guarantees to Privacy
5.5. Balances
5.6. Proposals and Actions
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 6. Surveying and Predicting
6.1. Surveys about Computers
6.2. Technological Change and Forecasting
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 7. Systems, Models, and Simulations
7.1. Computers and Planning
7.2. The Systems Approach
7.3. Types of Models
7.4. A Mathematical Simulation
7.5. Discrete Event Simulation
7.6. A Stochastic Discrete Event Simulation
7.7. Social Systems
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 8. Computer Capabilities and Limitations
8.1. Artificial Intelligence
8.2. Thought Processes
8.3. Computer-Assisted Instruction
8.4. Machine Limitations
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 9. Computers and Employment
9.1. Technology, Productivity, and the Labor Force
9.2. Productivity and Automation: Mitigating Factors
9.3. Automation and Skill Levels
9.4. Automation and Attitudes
9.5. Some Specific Considerations
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 10. The Distribution of Computer Products and Services
10.1. Antitrust Actions
10.2. Communications
10.3. Protection of Software
10.4. Standards
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 11. Shifts in Power
11.1. Information as Power
11.2. Centralization versus Decentralization
11.3. Computers in the Political Process
11.4. Computers and the Individual
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 12. Professionalization and Responsibility
12.1. Professional Societies
12.2. Professional Imperatives
12.3. Social Responsibilities
Bibliography
Problems and Further Work
Chapter 13. Values, Technology, and Computers
13.1. The Nature of Values
13.2. Technologies and Values
13.3. Leisure
13.4. Value Conflict
13.5. Some Directions
Bibliography
Appendix. Statistical Tests
Index