Archaeological sites in South Africa

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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 29. Chapters: Blombos Cave, Wildebeest Kuil Rock Art Centre, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Wonderwerk Cave, Mak...

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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 29. Chapters: Blombos Cave, Wildebeest Kuil Rock Art Centre, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Wonderwerk Cave, Makapansgat, Sibudu Cave, Driekops Eiland, Canteen Kopje, Klasies River Caves, Diepkloof Rock Shelter, Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind, Sterkfontein, Howieson's Poort Shelter, Nooitgedacht Glacial Pavements, Gladysvale Cave, Border Cave, Homo gautengensis, Taung, Cango Caves, Coopers Cave, Kromdraai fossil site, Taung Child, Pinnacle Point, Plovers Lake, Motsetsi, Hoedjiespunt, Swartkrans, Dzata ruins, Florisbad archaeological and paleontological site, Duinefontein, Sedan Beehive stone huts, Blaauboschkraal stone ruins. Excerpt: Location map of Blombos caveBlombos Cave is a cave in a calcarenite limestone cliff on the Southern Cape coast in South Africa. It is an archaeological site made famous by the discovery of 75,000-year-old pieces of ochre engraved with abstract designs and beads made from Nassarius shells, and c. 80,000-year-old bone tools. Some of the earliest evidence for shellfishing and possibly fishing has been discovered at the site and dates to c. 140,000 years ago. Stratigraphy and dates of West section at Blombos CaveExcavations carried out since 1991 at Blombos Cave provide snapshots of life in the African Middle Stone Age (MSA) in the southern Cape, South Africa. Three phases of MSA occupation have been identified and named M1, M2 and M3. Dating by the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) methods have provided occupation dates for each phase: these are about 71,000 BCE for the M1 phase, about 78,000 BCE for the M2 phase, and between 100,000 and 140,000 BCE for the M3 phase. The evidence indicates periods of relatively brief occupation separated by long periods of non-occupation, including a separation between occupation during the Late Stone Age (LSA) and the Middle Stone Age. Bone tools, marine shell beads, and engraved ochre were found in the M1 phase, bone tools in the Upper M2 phase, and considerable quantities of ochre and associated ochre working tools in the M3 phase. Cave deposit layersBlombos Cave is some 100 metres (330 ft) from the coast and 35 metres (115 ft) above sea level. The cave is a wave-cut bench in Mio/Pliocene Wankoe Formation aeolian deposits. Interior cave deposits, including those in recesses, cover more than 80 square metres (860 sq ft). About 20 square metres (220 sq ft) of the MSA has been excavated to a depth of about 2 metres (6.6 ft) below the original surface. The depositional history of the MSA levels is complex. Probably just prior to the accumulation of the M3 phase large calcrete roof blocks up to 3 metres

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Archaeological sites in South Africa

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Blombos Cave, Wildebeest Kuil Rock Art Centre, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Wonderwerk Cave, Makapansgat, Sibudu Cave, Driekops Eiland, Canteen Kopje, Klasies River Caves, Diepkloof Rock Shelter, Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind. Source: Wikipedia

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Source: Wikipedia

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9781155157832

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978-1-155-15783-2

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Books LLC, Reference Series

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