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This bestseller has been an essential book for all those working
with laboratory animals since it was first published in 1994.
This fourth edition retains all the classic features that have made
it a must-have reference including emphasis on best practice in
order to improve animal welfare. The contents have been
thoroughly updated and reorganised to make sure it is a really
practical book for day-to-day use in the laboratory. The
first section of the book covers principles applicable to all
species, for example husbandry, handling and the education and
training required by scientists and technical staff working with
animals in the laboratory. Later chapters focus on specific
species or groups of species.
New to this edition:
Reflects changes in European legislation and their
impact on national legislation
Covers recommendations for the education and training
of those carrying out animal experiments across Europe
New chapters on ethical considerations and balancing
animal welfare with science
New information on environmental enrichment for
laboratory animals
Covers advancements in anaesthesia and analgesia and
techniques
Spiral bound for ease-of-use as a bench-top
reference
This book is ideal for all personnel carrying out scientific
procedures using animals, particularly during training and also for
the new researcher. It will also be essential reading for
study directors designing research programmes, animal technicians
and veterinarians working with laboratory animal species.
Auteur
Sarah Wolfensohn OBE BSc MA VetMB CertLAS FSB DipECLAM
Dip ECAWBM-AW MRCVS. Sarah is currently an independent
consultant in animal health and welfare, and was formerly Head of
Department, Veterinary Services at University of Oxford.
Maggie Lloyd MA VetMB DipHE CertLAS MRCVS. Maggie has
20 years' experience as a named veterinary surgeon and as an
Animals (Scientific Procedures) Inspector at The Home Office. She
is currently an independent veterinary consultant.
Résumé
This bestseller has been an essential book for all those working with laboratory animals since it was first published in 1994. This fourth edition retains all the classic features that have made it a must-have reference including emphasis on best practice in order to improve animal welfare. The contents have been thoroughly updated and reorganised to make sure it is a really practical book for day-to-day use in the laboratory. The first section of the book covers principles applicable to all species, for example husbandry, handling and the education and training required by scientists and technical staff working with animals in the laboratory. Later chapters focus on specific species or groups of species.
New to this edition:
• Reflects changes in European legislation and their impact on national legislation
• Covers recommendations for the education and training of those carrying out animal experiments across Europe
• New chapters on ethical considerations and balancing animal welfare with science
• New information on environmental enrichment for laboratory animals
• Covers advancements in anaesthesia and analgesia and techniques
• Spiral bound for ease-of-use as a bench-top reference
This book is ideal for all personnel carrying out scientific procedures using animals, particularly during training and also for the new researcher. It will also be essential reading for study directors designing research programmes, animal technicians and veterinarians working with laboratory animal species.
Contenu
Acknowledgements xvii
1 Education and Training for the Personal Licence Holder 1
Introduction 1
Framework for Education and Training of Licence Holders 2
Core modules 4
Prerequisite and additional modules 4
Education and training in the UK 4
Aims of Accredited Training 4
Continuing Professional Development and Reflective Practice 5
Summary 5
References 6
2 Ethical Considerations around using Animals in Research 7
History of the Use of Animals in Research 7
The Ethics of Using Animals in Experiments 9
The Local Ethical Review Process 12
Measuring harms and benefits 12
The Principles of the Three RS 13
Replacement 13
Reduction 14
Refinement 15
Prospective, ongoing and retrospective review: reflective practice and the refinement loop 15
Public Perceptions 17
Transparency and freedom of information 18
References 18
3 The Regulatory Framework 21
Introduction to Legislation Regulating the Use of Animals in Research 21
European legislation 22
The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 22Protected animals 23
Regulated procedures 23
Exemptions 24
Licensing of places 24
The personal licence 25
Project licences 28
The Section 2C licence 30
Additional controls 32
Administration of the Act 33
Assessment of licences and inspection of premises 33
Offences and infringements 33
Communication 34
Statistics of Animal Usage 34
Other Relevant Legislation 34
References 36
4 Balancing Animal Welfare with Science 37
Welfare versus Science? 37
What is Welfare? 37
Quality of life 38
Why assess welfare? 39
Who should assess welfare? 40
How to assess welfare 40
Development of welfare assessment systems 44
Consideration of cumulative suffering 46
References 48
5 Animal Husbandry, Environmental Enrichment and Occupational Health and Safety 51
Animal Husbandry 51
Types of housing 52
Bedding and nesting materials 54
Nutrition 54
Environment 55
Handling techniques 56
Environmental Enrichment 56
Evaluation of enrichment and other refinements to housing and care 58
Evaluating the effect of a potential refinement on animals 58
Evaluating the effect of a potential refinement on science 61
Evaluating the effect of a potential refinement on animal house management 62
Supply and Transport 63
Aspects of Health, Safety and Security Affecting Animal Care 64
COSHH, CLP and REACH 65
Genetically modified organisms 66
Health and safety in animal facilities 67
Miscellaneous health and safety hazards and risks 71
Acknowledgements 74
References and Further Reading 74
6 Principles of Animal Use and Experimental Design 77
Principles of Experimental Design 77
Minimising variation 78
Selection of animals: species, strain, genetically altered animals 79
Genetic and Welfare Monitoring of GA and HM Animals 81
Background health status 82
Sources of infection 83
Health monitoring 84
Biosecurity and containment for rodents 86
References 87
7 Handling and Techniques 89
Prior Considerations 89
Training and competence of operator 89
Acclimatisation 90
Training of animals 90
Restraint of animals 90
Equipment 91
Administration of Substances 91
ADME 91
Administration volumes 93 Administration te...