Plant Cells and their Organelles

Plant Cells and Their Organelles provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of plant organelles. The text focuses on subcellular organelles while also providing relevant background on plant cells, tissues and organs. Coverage of the latest methods of light and electron microscopy and modern biochemical procedures for the isolation and identification of organelles help to provide a thorough and up-to-date companion text to the field of plant cell and subcellular biology. The book is designed as an advanced text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students with student-friendly diagrams and clear explanations.

Auteur
About the Editors
William V. Dashek, Emeritus Professor, Mary Baldwin College, USA
Dr. Dashek is the recipient of BS, MS and Ph.D. degree from Marquette University where he was a National Institute of Health pre-doctoral trainee. He was a post-doctorate fellow at the Michigan State University Plant research Laboratory. Subsequently, he began a lengthy Academic teaching and research career. Currently, Dashek is retired writing advanced textbooks. Gurbachan S. Miglani, Visiting Professor, School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, India
Dr. Miglani obtained B.Sc. (Agri. & A.H.) and M.Sc. (Genetics) from Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India and Ph.D. from Howard University, Washington, D.C. During his 35-year teaching stint at PAU he taught general and specialized courses in genetics. Even after retirement Miglani is still teaching molecular genetics and biotechnology at PAU. In addition to research and review papers, popular science articles, laboratory manuals he has published a dozen books and presently he is writing his next book.

Texte du rabat

Understanding the structure and function on plant organelles, and how they differ from those in animal cells is an important aspect of plant cell biology, biotechnology and biochemistry and evolution. The cell wall is increasingly being recognized as an important component in biofuel research as plants form the basis of primary biofuels (woodchip, elephant grass ) and secondary biofuels (ethanol, biodiesel).

Plant Cells and Their Organelles provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of plant organelles. The text focuses on subcellular organelles while also providing relevant background on plant cells, tissues and organs. Coverage of the latest methods of light and electron microscopy and modern biochemical procedures for the isolation and identification of organelles help to provide a thorough and up-to-date companion text to the field of plant cell and subcellular biology.

This book is designed as an advanced text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students with student-friendly diagrams and clear explanations supplemented with an associated website with lecture slides for instructors.

Résumé
Plant Cells and Their Organelles provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and function of plant organelles. The text focuses on subcellular organelles while also providing relevant background on plant cells, tissues and organs. Coverage of the latest methods of light and electron microscopy and modern biochemical procedures for the isolation and identification of organelles help to provide a thorough and up-to-date companion text to the field of plant cell and subcellular biology. The book is designed as an advanced text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students with student-friendly diagrams and clear explanations.

Contenu

Contributors ix

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xii

**1 An introduction to cells and their organelles 1
William V. Dashek

Cells 1

Cell organelles an introduction 6

Ion channels 10

Proton pumps 14

Water channels 14

Carriers 15

Cell death 17

References 18

Further reading 24

**2 Isolation and characterization of subcellular organelles from plant cells 25
Milee Agarwal, P. Desai, and Harish Padh

Isolation of subcellular organelles 26

Identification and characterization of isolated organelles 33

Summary 39

References 39

Further reading 41

**3 Endoplasmic reticulum 42
William V. Dashek

Structure 42

Chemical composition 42

Biogenesis 45

Functions 45

Posttranslational events 49

Inhibitors 53

In vitro protein synthesis 54

Other functions 54

References 54

Further reading 60

**4 The Golgi apparatus 61
D. Davis, T.E. Wilkop, and Georgia Drakakaki

The Golgi apparatus 61

Plant Golgi introduction 66

Structure and organization 69

Golgimediated vesicular trafficking 71

Plant Golgidependent cellular processes 74

Imaging and visualization 76

Isolation and analysis 78

Golgi genetics and genomics 81

Significance 84

Acknowledgment 85

References 85

Further reading 87

**5 Microbodies 88
Robert Donaldson

Introducing peroxisomes 88

Leaf peroxisomes 89

Peroxisomes in oil seeds and pollen 91

References 107

Further reading 109

**6 Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments 110
William V. Dashek

Microtubules 110

Intermediate filaments 113

Actin filaments (microfilaments) 116

References 119

Further reading 124

**7 The mitochondrion 125
Ray J. Rose, Terence W.Y. Tiew, and William V. Dashek

Structure and dynamics 125

The mitochondrial genome 128

Comparison of the mitochondrial genome with chloroplast and nuclear genomes 131

The mitochondrial proteome and protein import 132

Respiratory metabolite transporters 133

The electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation 133

The alternative electron transfer chain in plant mitochondria 139

Plant mitochondria, stress responses and programmed cell death 139

Other functions of plant mitochondria 140

References 144

Further reading 145

**8 Nucleus 146
Yogesh Vikal and Dasmeet Kaur

Structural organization of the NE 147

Nuclear pores 152

The nucleolus 157

Chromatin and chromosomes 165

DNA structure 170

DNA replication 173

RNA structure, function, and synthesis 176

Nucleocytoplasmic transport, nuclear import, and nuclear export 183

The dynamics of NE biogenesis during mitosis 188

The dynamics of nuclear pore complex biogenesis 196

Cell cycle control 200

Summary 205

References 206

Further reading 207

**9 Plant cell walls 209
James E. Bidlack and William V. Dashek

Introduction 209

Structure 209

Biosynthesis 216

Chemical composition 217

Biogenesis 222

Function 225

References 231

Further reading 238 **10 Plastid structure and genomics 239
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