Fatigue of Structures and Materials

This book is primarily a textbook written for people working on fatigue problems of engineering structures and materials associated with design, predictions, load spectra and experimental verifications. Many different fields of interest are involved, as the block diagram on the front cover indicates. It is of great importance that all these aspects are well recognized and understood. The author explains the various topics in a number of chapters. Understanding of the fatigue phenomena covering both crack initiation and crack growth is emphasized in view of possible influences of design variables, material selection, production technology and load spectra on the fatigue performance of a structure. Prediction methods for fatigue lives and fatigue crack growth are discussed as well as verification by experiments. Load spectra analysis and statistical aspects are also addressed. The first edition of this book was well received and has been used extensively in various courses taught to staff members and students of universities and other technical colleges as well as in industries and at research institutes. Therefore it was considered time for a second edition. In general, the format of the first edition of the book has been maintained, but the whole text has been carefully revised.

Auteur

The Author has been working for 20 years in the Structures and Materials Laboratory of the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Amsterdam, and for another 20 years in the Structures and Materials Laboratory of the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering of the Delft University of Technology. His experience covers a large variety of fatigue projects varying from fundamental investigations to practical problems such as fatigue of joints, service-simulation testing of full-scale structures and accidents investigations. This is reflected in the present book. The Author is well-known for a large number of publications, among others the `Four lectures on fatigue crack growth' in Engineering Fracture Mechanics. The present book covers lectures of a much wider and integrated scope.

Texte du rabat

Fatigue of structures and materials covers a wide scope of different topics. The purpose of the present book is to explain these topics, to indicate how they can be analyzed, and how this can contribute to the designing of fatigue resistant structures and to prevent structural fatigue problems in service. Chapter 1 gives a general survey of the topic with brief comments on the signi?cance of the aspects involved. This serves as a kind of a program for the following chapters. The central issues in this book are predictions of fatigue properties and designing against fatigue. These objectives cannot be realized without a physical and mechanical understanding of all relevant conditions. In Chapter 2 the book starts with basic concepts of what happens in the material of a structure under cyclic loads. It illustrates the large number of variables which can affect fatigue properties and it provides the essential background knowledge for subsequent chapters. Different subjects are presented in the following main parts: . Basic chapters on fatigue properties and predictions (Chapters 2-8) . Load spectra and fatigue under variable-amplitude loading (Chapters 9-11) . Fatigue tests and scatter (Chapters 12 and 13) . Special fatigue conditions (Chapters 14-17) . Fatigue of joints and structures (Chapters 18-20) . Fiber-metal laminates (Chapter 21) Each chapter presents a discussion of a speci?c subject.

Contenu

Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction to Fatigue of Structures and Materials; Part 1: Fatigue under Contstant-Amplitude Loading; 2. Fatigue as a phenomenon in the material; 3. Stress concentrations at notches; 4. Residual stress; 5. Stress intensity factors of cracks; 6. Fatigue properties of materials; 7. The fatigue strength of notched specimens; 8. Fatigue crack growth. Analysis and predictions; Part 2: Load spectra and fatigue under variable-amplitude loading; 9. Load spectra; 10. Fatigue under variable-amplitude loading; 11. Fatigue crack growth under variable-amplitude loading; Part 3: Fatigue tests and scatter12. Fatigue and scatter; 13. Fatigue tests; Part 4: Special fatigue conditions; 14. Surface treatments; 15. Fretting corrosion; 16. Corrosion fatigue; 17. High-temperature and low-temperature fatigue; Part 5: Fatigue of joints and structures; 18. Fatigue of joints; 19. Fatigue of welded joints; 20. Designing against fatigue of structures; Part 6: Fatigue Resistance of Fiber-Metal Laminates; 21 Fatigue resistance of the fiber-metal laminates. Suject index. Contents of CD added to the book: Introduction I Exercises and Summaries I.1 Exercises I.2 Answers I.3 Summaries of chapters I.4 Plotting paper II Case Histories II.1 Introduction II.2 Fatigue fracture of all spokes of the front wheel of a heavy motorcycle II.3 Blade spring failures II.4 Landing gear case II.5 Blade failure of a small helicopter II.6 Expansion coupling failure II.7 The lamp-post case II.8 The Comet case II.9 Lug connections III Special Topics III.1 Designing against fatigue III.1.1 Introduction III.1.2 How to obtain $K_t$-values? III.1.3 Reduction of a stress level and its effect on fatigue life III.2 Fatigue tests, why and how? III.2.1 Introduction III.2.2 Fatigue tests for which purpose? III.2.3 Fatigue tests, how to be carried out? IV Research on Fatigue Problems in the Future IV.1 Introduction IV.2 Fatigue crack growth mechanisms IV.2.1 Crack initiation fatigue life and microcrack growth IV.2.2 Macrocrack growth IV.3 The significance of fractographic studies IV.4 Prediction of fatigue crack growth under VA loading IV.5 Fracture mechanics predictions and marker loads IV.6 Load measurements in service IV.7 Research programs IV.8 Epilogue Fatigue of structures and materials in the 20th century and the state of the art Plotting paper