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Health assessment is central to effective planning, implementation
and evaluation of nursing care. All nurses are accountable for the
care they provide and need to be able to accurately determine
patient needs in order to plan and deliver evidence-based care.
Vital notes for nurses: Health assessment provides students
with the knowledge required to consider the many different factors
which can influence patient's health, comfort, well-being and
recovery and to confidently assess patient needs.
Vital notes for nurses: Health assessment explores
concepts of holism, health and illness, factors to consider when
assessing patients, communication skills needed for assessment, and
all aspects of holistic assessment including physical,
psychological, social, cultural and spiritual factors and
nutritional needs.
Provides a concise, accessible introduction to health
assessment
Includes physical, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual
health assessment
Explores essential concepts in assessment and care planning
Within the Vital Notes for Nurses series
Adopts a holistic approach
Auteur
Anna Crouch and Clency Meurier are both Senior Lecturers at University of Northampton.
Résumé
Health assessment is central to effective planning, implementation and evaluation of nursing care. All nurses are accountable for the care they provide and need to be able to accurately determine patient needs in order to plan and deliver evidence-based care. Vital notes for nurses: Health assessment provides students with the knowledge required to consider the many different factors which can influence patient's health, comfort, well-being and recovery and to confidently assess patient needs.
Vital notes for nurses: Health assessment explores concepts of holism, health and illness, factors to consider when assessing patients, communication skills needed for assessment, and all aspects of holistic assessment including physical, psychological, social, cultural and spiritual factors and nutritional needs.
Contenu
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xii
Dedication xiv
List of contributors xv
1 The human body (C. Meurier) 1
Section 1: Introduction 1
Anatomical terms 2
Levels of organisation of the body 4
Hierarchy of functions 5
The basic structure of cells 5
Homeostasis 8
Organ systems 11
Section 2: The integumentary system 11
Structure of the skin 12
Thermoregulation and the skin 14
Section 3: The musculoskeletal system 14
The human skeleton 14
Bone 14
Joints 15
Muscular tissue 16
Section 4: The nervous system 17
Structure and function of the nervous system 17
The central nervous system 19
The autonomic nervous system 22
Sensations 23
Somatic senses 23
Pain 23
Section 5: The special senses 24
The eye 24
The ear 26
Section 6: The endocrine system 28
Hormones 28
Negative and positive feedback mechanisms 28
Section 7: The respiratory system 28
The mechanism of breathing 31
The transport of oxygen 32
The transport of carbon dioxide 33
Section 8: The cardiovascular system 33
The blood 33
The heart 34
Blood vessels: arteries, capillaries and veins 37
Section 9: The lymphatic and immune system 38
Components 38
Functions 38
Section 10: The digestive system 40
Functions 40
Organs of the digestive system and their location 40
Section 11: The urinary system 43
The kidney and its functions 44
Section 12: The reproductive system 46
Female reproductive system 47
The male reproductive organs 49
2 Nursing assessment and care planning (J. Aldridge, A. Eshun and C. Meurier) 52
Introduction 52
Nursing assessment and the nursing process 53
Advantages of using a conceptual model in assessment 71
Key issues and developments 72
3 Concepts of health, illness and holism (C. Meurier) 76
Introduction 76
Being 'healthy' 77
Health beliefs and health behaviour 80
Illness, sickness and disease 82
Seeing the person as a whole 84
Assessment 87
4 Factors to consider when assessing patients (A. Crouch, G. Rumbold, M. Thompson and W. Turner) 95
Section 1: Introduction 95
Ethical aspects of assessment 95
Respect for persons definition 96
Privacy 98
Confidentiality 99
Respect for dignity 101
Truthfulness 102
Section 2: The environment, health status, age and cognitive ability of the patient, learning disability and health assessment 103
Environment 104
Health status of the patient 105
The patient's age 106
Cognitive development and ability 108
The assessment of children 112
Section 3: Gender and health assessment 114
Trends and patterns of health and disease among men and women 115
Health issues and dilemmas for men and women 116
A health assessment approach: some practical aspects to consider 118
5 Communication skills for holistic health assessment (A. Crouch) 128
Introduction 128
Definition and classification 129
Factors that facilitate effective communication 131
Skills needed during holistic health assessment 132
Barriers to communication during holistic assessment 138
Record keeping 144 **6 Physical asse...