Handbook of Marine Macroalgae

The Handbook of Macroalgae: Biotechnology and Applied Phycology describes the biological, biotechnological and the industrial applications of seaweeds. Vast research into the cultivation of seaweeds is currently being undertaken but there is a lack of methodological strategies in place to develop novel drugs from these sources. This book aims to rectify this situation, providing an important review of recent advances and potential new applications for macroalgae. Focusing on the chemical and structural nature of seaweeds the book brings the potentially valuable bioactive nature to the fore. Novel compounds isolated from seaweeds are reviewed to provide an invaluable reference for anyone working in the field.

Auteur

Professor Se-Kwon Kim is the Director of the Marine
Bioprocess Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong
National University, in Busan, South Korea.

Texte du rabat
Handbook of Marine Macroalgae: Biotechnology and Applied Phycology describes the biological, biotechnological and industrial applications of seaweeds. Vast research into the cultivation of seaweeds is currently being undertaken but there is a lack of methodological strategies in place to develop novel drugs from these sources. This book aims to rectify this situation, providing an important review of recent advances and potential new applications for macroalgae. Focussing on the chemical and structural nature of seaweeds the book brings the potentially valuable bioactive nature to the fore. Novel compounds isolated from seaweeds are reviewed to provide an invaluable reference for anyone working in the field.

• Comprehensive handbook covering current applications of macroalgae to biotechnology
• Covers recent advances as well as future research trends
• Authored by an international team of experts
• Describes the barriers and opportunities for commercialization of macroalgae biotechnology
• Includes applications of macroalgae biotechnology to a wide range of disciplines, including immunology, neurobiology, agriculture, nutrition and industry.

Contenu
List of Contributors xvii Preface xxi

Editor xxiii

PART I Introduction to Algae and Their Importance

1 Biological Importance of Marine Algae 3
Ali A. El Gamal

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 Interesting natural products and their biological activities from macroalgae (seaweeds) 4

Acknowledgment 27

References 27

**2 Seaweeds: The Wealth of Oceans 36
Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty and Amit Kumar Banerjee

2.1 Introduction 36

2.2 Need for marine resources 36

2.3 Various marine resources 36

2.4 Producers in the marine environment 37

2.5 Emergent plants 37

2.6 Seaweed diversity 37

2.7 Uses of seaweeds 37

2.8 Marine farming: global scenario 39

2.9 SEAPURA: an EU effort 39

2.10 Seaweed farming: an Indian scenario 40

2.11 Expanding the existing knowledge base: current research trends in exploring seaweeds 41

2.12 Future prospects 42

2.13 Conclusion 43

References 43

**3 Eco-Biochemical Studies of Common Seaweeds in the Lower Gangetic Delta 45
Rajrupa Ghosh, Kakoli Banerjee and Abhijit Mitra

3.1 Seaweeds: an overview 45

3.2 Commercial uses of seaweeds 46

3.3 Indian scenario 46

3.4 Biochemical composition of seaweeds with special reference to Indian Sundarbans 51

References 55

**4 Chemodiversity and Bioactivity within Red and Brown Macroalgae Along the French coasts, Metropole and Overseas Departements and Territories 58
Nathalie Bourgougnon and Valerie Stiger-Pouvreau

4.1 Introduction 58

4.2 Exploitation of marine algal resources 60

4.3 Why a focus on red and brown seaweeds? 64

4.4 Marine red seaweeds and biological activities 64

4.5 Marine brown seaweeds and biological activities 68

4.6 The use of metabolites from marine red and brown algae for their chemical defense 73

4.7 The use of metabolites as chemomarkers for taxonomy 81

4.8 Industrial uses of metabolites from marine red and brown algae 82

4.9 Conclusion 89

Acknowledgments 89

References 90

**5 Physiological Basis for the use of Seaweeds as Indicators of Anthropogenic Pressures: The Case of Green Tides 106
Jesús M. Mercado

5.1 Introduction 106

5.2 Light absorption 107

5.3 Photosynthesis at sub- and saturating irradiance 108

5.4 Inorganic carbon acquisition 110

5.5 Does the high capacity for using bicarbonate favor the development of green tides? 111

5.6 Conclusions 111

Acknowledgments 112

References 112

**6 Significance of the Presence of Trace and Ultratrace Elements in Seaweeds 116
Antonio Moreda-Piñeiro, Elena Peña-V´azquez and Pilar Bermejo-Barrera

6.1 Introduction 116

6.2 Mineral content in seaweed 117

6.3 Trace and ultratrace elements in seaweeds 117

6.5 Chemical speciation 154

References 164

PART II Isolation and Chemical Properties of Molecules Derived from Seaweeds

**7 Chemical Composition of Seaweeds 173
Ladislava Miurcová

7.1 Introduction 173

7.2 Various components of seaweeds 174

7.3 Conclusion 186

References 186

*8 Structural Peculiarities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Red Algae *Tichocarpus crinitus (Tichocarpaceae) and Chondrus pinnulatus (Gigartinaceae) Collected at the Russian Pacific Coast 193
Anna O. Barabanova and Irina M. Yermak

8.1 Introduction 193

8.2 Carrageenan sources in the Russian Far East 196

8.3 The polysaccharide composition of algae in relation to the phase of its life cycle 197 8.4 The rheological and viscosity propert...