Cutting-Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage

Compiled from a conference on this important subject by three of the most well-known and respected editors in the industry, this volume provides some of the latest technologies related to carbon capture, utilization and, storage (CCUS).

Of the 36 billon tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) being emitted into Earth's atmosphere every year, only 40 million tons are able to be captured and stored. This is just a fraction of what needs to be captured, if this technology is going to make any headway in the global march toward reversing, or at least reducing, climate change. CO2 capture and storage has long been touted as one of the leading technologies for reducing global carbon emissions, and, even though it is being used effectively now, it is still an emerging technology that is constantly changing.

This volume, a collection of papers presented during the Cutting-Edge Technology for Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CETCCUS), held in Clermont-Ferrand, France in the fall of 2017, is dedicated to these technologies that surround CO2 capture. Written by some of the most well-known engineers and scientists in the world on this topic, the editors, also globally known, have chosen the most important and cutting-edge papers that address these issues to present in this groundbreaking new volume, which follows their industry-leading series, Advances in Natural Gas Engineering, a seven-volume series also available from Wiley-Scrivener.

With the ratification of the Paris Agreement, many countries are now committing to making real progress toward reducing carbon emissions, and this technology is, as has been discussed for years, one of the most important technologies for doing that. This volume is a must-have for any engineer or scientist working in this field.

Auteur

Karine Ballerat-Busserolles, PhD, is Research Engineer at CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) in France since 2000 and Research Associate at Mines Paristech PSL since 2016. Dr. Ballerat-Busserolles holds doctoral degrees and HDR (habilitation to direct research) in Physical Chemistry and in Thermodynamics from the Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Her main activities concern the physico-chemical understanding of gas dissolution in liquid media from an experimental point of view. She is the author and co-author of 3 book chapters and more than 30 publication and 50 presentations. Ying Wu is currently the President of Sphere Technology Connection Ltd. (STC) in Calgary, Canada. From 1983 to 1999 she was an Assistant Professor and Researcher at Southwest Petroleum Institute (now Southwest Petroleum University, SWPU) in Sichuan, China. She received her MSc in Petroleum Engineering from the SWPU and her BSc in Petroleum Engineering from Daqing Petroleum University in Heilongjiang, China. John J. Carroll, PhD, PEng is the Director, Research and Technology for Gas Liquids Engineering, Ltd. in Calgary, Canada. Dr. Carroll holds bachelor and doctoral degrees in chemical engineering from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, and is a registered professional engineer in the provinces of Alberta and New Brunswick in Canada. His first book, Natural Gas Hydrates: A Guide for Engineers, is now in its third edition, and he is the author or co-author of 50 technical publications and about 40 technical presentations.

Contenu
Preface xv

Introduction xvii

Part I: Carbon Capture and Storage 1

**1 Carbon Capture Storage Monitoring (CCSM) 3
**E.D. Rode, L.A. Schaerer, Stephen A. Marinello and G. v. Hantelmann

1.1 Introduction 4

1.2 State of the Art Practice 5

1.3 Marmot's CCSM Technology 6

1.4 Principles of Information Analysis 10

1.5 Operating Method 12

1.6 Instrumentation and Set up 14

Abbreviations 16

References 16

**2 Key Technologies of Carbon Dioxide Flooding and Storage in China 19
**Hao Mingqiang and Hu Yongle

2.1 Background 20

2.2 Key Technologies of Carbon dioxide Flooding and Storage 21

2.2.1 CO2 Miscible Flooding Theory in Continental Sedimentary Reservoirs 21

2.2.2 The Storage Mechanism of CO2 in Reservoirs and Salt Water Layers 22

2.2.3 Reservoir Engineering Technology of CO2 Flooding and Storage 22

2.2.4 High Efficiency Technology of Injection and Production for CO2 Flooding 23

2.2.5 CO2 Long-Distance Pipeline Transportation and Supercritical Injection Technology 23

2.2.6 Fluid Treatment and Circulating Gas Injection Technology of CO2 Flooding 24

2.2.7 Reservoir Monitoring and Dynamic Analysis and Evaluation Technology of CO2 Flooding 24

2.3 Existing Problems and Technical Development Direction 25

2.3.1 The Vital Communal Troubles & Challenges 25

2.3.2 Further Orientation of Technology Development 25

**3 Mapping CCUS Technological Trajectories and Business Models: The Case of CO2-Dissolved 27
**X. Galiègue, A. Laude and N. Béfort

3.1 Introduction 27

3.2 CCS and Roadmaps: From Expectations to Reality ... 29

3.3 CCS Project Portfolio: Between Diversity and Replication 30

3.3.1 Demonstration Process: Between Diversity and Replication 30

3.3.2 Diversity of the Current Project Portfolio 32

3.4 Going Beyond EOR: Other Business Models for Storage? 36

3.4.1 The EOR Legacy 36

3.4.2 From EOR to a CCS Wide-Scale Deployment 37

3.5 Coupling CCS and Geothermal Energy: Lessons from the CO2-DISSOLVED Project Study 39

3.5.1 CO2-DISSOLVED Concept 39

3.5.2 Techno-Economic Analysis of CO2-DISSOLVED 41

3.5.3 Business Models and the Replication/Diversity Dilemma 42

3.6 Conclusion 42

Acknowledgements 43

References 43

**4 Feasibility of Ex-Situ Dissolution for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration 47
**Yuri Leonenko

4.1 Introduction 47

4.2 Methods to Accelerate Dissolution 50

4.2.1 In-situ 50

4.2.2 Ex-situ 52

4.3 Discussion and Conclusions 56

Acknowledgments 57

References 57

Part II: EOR 59

**5 CO2 Gas Injection as an EOR Technique Phase Behavior Considerations 61
**Henrik Sørensen and Jawad Azeem Shaikh

5.1 Introduction 61

5.2 Features of CO2 62

5.3 Miscible CO2 Drive 63

5.4 Immiscible CO2 Drives and Density Effects 68

5.5 Asphaltene Precipitation Caused by Gas Injection 72

5.6 Gas Revaporization as EOR Technique 75

5.7 Conclusions 76

List of Symbols 76

References 77

Appendix A Reservoir Fluid Compositions and Key Property Data 78

**6 Study on Storage Mechanisms in CO2 Flooding for Water-Flooded Abandoned Reservoirs 83
**Rui Wang, Chengyuan Lv, Yongqiang Tang, Shuxia Zhao, Zengmin Lun and Maolei Cui

6.1 Introduction 83

6.2 CO2 Solubility in Coexistence of Crude Oil and Brine 85

6.3 Mineral Dissolution Effect 88

6.4 Relative Permeability Hysteresis 90

6.5 Effect of CO2 Storage Mechanisms on CO2 Flooding 92

6.6 Conclusions 93

References 93 **7 The Investigation on the Key Hydrocarbons of Crude Oil Swelling via Supercritical CO2 95<br ...