Nanotechnology in Environmental Science

Ein Überblick über den aktuellen Stand von Geräten, die auf Nanotechnologie basieren und in den Umweltwissenschaften zum Einsatz kommen. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Nanomaterialien und Polymer-Nanokompositen. Das Handbuch beschäftigt sich insbesondere mit den auf Nanotechnologie basierenden Ansätzen, die einfachere, schnellere und kostengünstigere Prozesse bei der Umweltüberwachung und Umweltsanierung versprechen. Darüber hinaus bietet es aktuelle und detaillierte Informationen zu Ökonomie, Toxizität und Vorschriften in Verbindung mit der Nanotechnologie. Das Buch schließt mit einem Blick auf die Rolle der Nanotechnologie für eine grüne und nachhaltige Zukunft.
Für Forscher und Entwickler im akademischen Bereich und aus der Industrie ist dieses Handbuch, das vorhandene und demnächst verfügbare Geräte beschreibt, unabdingbar.

Auteur

Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain is adjunct professor, academic advisor and lab director at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, New Jersey. His research is focused on the applications of nanotechnology in the environment. Dr. Hussain is the author of numerous papers in peer-reviewed journals as well as prolific author and editor of scientific monographs and handbooks.

Ajay Kumar Mishra is Professor at the Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Research Unit at the College of Science, Engineering & Technology at the University of South Africa. He also holds an adjunct professorship at Jiangsu University, China. His research interests include the synthesis of multifunctional nanomaterials, including polymers, carbon nanomaterials and composite materials. Dr. Mishra has authored and edited numerous scientific books in this subject area.

Résumé
An overview of the current state of nanotechnology-based devices with applications in environmental science, focusing on nanomaterials and polymer nanocomposites.
The handbook pays special attention to those nanotechnology-based approaches that promise easier, faster and cheaper processes in environmental monitoring and remediation. Furthermore, it presents up-to-date information on the economics, toxicity and regulations related to nanotechnology in detail. The book closes with a look at the role of nanotechnology for a green and sustainable future.
With its coverage of existing and soon-to-be-realized devices this is an indispensable reference for both academic and corporate R&D.

Contenu

Preface xxi

Volume 1

Part One Introduction: Change in Perspective due to

Nanotechnology for Environmental Techniques and Devices 1

**1 Nanomaterials for Environmental Science: A Recent and Future Perspective 3
**Sukanchan Palit and Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

1.1 Introduction 3

1.2 The Aim and Objective of the Study 3

1.3 Scientific Vision and Cognizance in the Field of Nanotechnology 4

1.4 Frontiers of Nanotechnology and the Vision for the Future 5

1.5 The Vision and Advancements in the Field of Nanotechnology 5

1.6 Recent Scientific Endeavor in the Field of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 6

1.7 The Status of Environment Today 7

1.8 Environmental Sustainability: Its Vision for the Future 8

1.9 Technological Vision and Scientific Objective in the Field of Application of Nanomaterials 8

1.10 Recent Scientific Research Pursuit in the Field of Nanomaterials and Its Applications 8

1.11 The Avenues Ahead in the Field of Nanotechnology Applications 10

1.12 Scientific Cognizance and Scientific Sagacity of Environmental Engineering 11

1.13 Nontraditional Environmental Engineering Techniques 11

1.13.1 Scientific Doctrine of Advanced Oxidation Processes 11

1.14 Future Trends and Scientific Doctrine of Novel Separation Processes 13

1.15 Recent Scientific Research Pursuits in Membrane Science 13

1.16 Future Trends in Research and Development in Nanomaterials 15

1.17 Future Flow of Scientific Thoughts and the Scientific Progress 15

1.18 Conclusions 16

References 16

**2 Atomic-scale Study of Fullerene Molecules on Semiconductor Surfaces 19
**R.Z. Bakhtizin and A.I. Oreshkin

2.1 Introduction 19

2.2 STM Study of C60 Adsorption on Solid Surface 20

2.3 C60F18 on Si(111) 20

2.4 C60F18 on Si(100)-2 × 1 28

2.5 C60F36 on Si(111)-7 × 7 31

2.6 Conclusions 35

References 35

**3 Recent Advances in Nanostructured Catalysts for Vehicle Exhaust Gas Treatment 39
**Gennady Gerasimov and Michael Pogosbekian

3.1 Introduction 39

3.2 Diesel Oxidation Catalyst 40

3.3 Diesel Particulate Filter 42

3.4 Three-way Catalysts 48

3.5 Selective Catalytic Reduction 53

3.6 Lean NOx Traps 57

3.7 Conclusions 62

References 63

**4 Analytical Applications of Nanoscale Materials for Water Treatment: A Review 71
**Suvardhan Kanchi, Myalowenkosi I. Sabela, and Krishna Bisetty

4.1 Introduction 71

4.2 Significance of Nanotechnology for Wastewater Purification 72

4.3 Classification of Nanoadsorbents 74

4.4 Analytical Applications 85

4.5 Concluding Remarks and Prospects 109

Abbreviations 110

Acknowledgment 112

References 113

Part Two Carbon Nanomaterials for Environmental Devices and Techniques 125

**5 Carbon Nanomaterials-based Nanocomposite as Emerging Field for Pollution Control 127
**Sapna and Dinesh Kumar

5.1 Introduction 127

5.2 Carbon Nanotubes 128

5.3 CNT Sensors 129

5.4 Graphene 130

5.5 Fullerene 140

Acknowledgment 141

References 141

**6 Nanocarbons in Agricultural Plants: Can be a Potential Nanofertilizer? 153
**Anupriya Singh, Anshu Bhati, Gunture, Kumud Malika Tripathi, and Sumit Kumar Sonkar

6.1 Introduction 153

6.2 Organic Carbon-based Fertilizer as Biochar 155

6.3 Nanocarbons in Plant Growth 169

6.4 Conclusions 180

Acknowledgments 181

References 181

7 Adsorptive Removal of Antibiotics onto GrapheneSoy Protein Aerogel Composites from Aqeous **Solution 191
**Fei Yu, Yong Li, and Jie Ma 7....