Urban Socio-Economic Segregation and Income Inequality

This open access book investigates the link between income inequality and socio-economic residential segregation in 24 large urban regions in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. It offers a unique global overview of segregation trends based on case studies by local author teams. The book shows important global trends in segregation, and proposes a Global Segregation Thesis.

Rising inequalities lead to rising levels of socio-economic segregation almost everywhere in the world. Levels of inequality and segregation are higher in cities in lower income countries, but the growth in inequality and segregation is faster in cities in high-income countries. This is causing convergence of segregation trends. Professionalisation of the workforce is leading to changing residential patterns. High-income workers are moving to city centres or to attractive coastal areas and gated communities, while poverty is increasingly suburbanising. As a result,the urban geography of inequality changes faster and is more pronounced than changes in segregation levels. Rising levels of inequality and segregation pose huge challenges for the future social sustainability of cities, as cities are no longer places of opportunities for all.

Open access book providing a comprehensive overview of income inequality and socio-economic segregation in large cities Offers a systematic comparison of changes in income inequality and socio-economic segregation on a global level Focuses on occupational and socio-economic segregation Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Auteur
Maarten van Ham is Professor of Urban Geography at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, and Professor of Geography at the University of St Andrews in the UK. In Delft, he leads the Urban Studies group and is head of the Department of Urbanism at the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment. Van Ham studied economic geography at Utrecht University, where he obtained his PhD with honours in 2002. In 2011, he was appointed full Professor in both St Andrews and Delft. Van Ham has published over 110 academic papers and 11 edited books. He is a highly cited academic with research projects in the UK, The Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Lithuania, Estonia, Spain, and China. Maarten has expertise in the fields of urban poverty and inequality, segregation, residential mobility and migration; neighbourhood effects; urban and neighbourhood change; housing market behaviour and housing choice; geography of labour markets; spatial mismatch of workers and employment opportunities. In 2014, van Ham was awarded a 2 million Euro ERC Consolidator Grant for a 5-year research project on neighbourhood effects (DEPRIVEDHOODS).
Tiit Tammaru is Professor of Urban and Population Geography and Head of the Chair of Human Geography at the Department of Geography, University of Tartu. He is the member of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Tammaru leads the development of longitudinal linked censuses and registers data for urban and population geographic studies in Estonia. He was trained in human geography and received a doctoral degree from the University of Tartu in 2001. In 2018 he was a Visiting Professor at the Neighbourhood Change and Housing research group at the Department OTB - Research for the Built Environment, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology. He has also worked a guest researcher at the Department of Geography, University of Utah, and Department of Geography, Umeå University. He is the Editorial Board member of Social Inclusion. Tammaru is theorizing the paradigmatic shift in segregation studies from residential neighborhood approach to activity space-based approach. Together with colleagues from Delft and Tartu he is developing the concept of vicious circle of segregation that focusses on how social and ethnic inequality and segregation are produced and reproduced across multiple life domains: homes, workplaces, schools, leisure time activity sites.
Ruta Ubarevicien is a researcher with a background in urban and regional geography as well as sociology. Ruta has successfully defended two PhD thesis in these fields. In 2017 she obtained PhD degree from Delft University of Technology, and in 2018 from Lithuanian Social Research Centre. Currently Ruta is a postdoctoral researcher in the Urban Studies research group at the Department of Urbanism, Delft University of Technology and in the Institute of Human Geography and Demography at the Lithuanian Social Research Centre. Using spatial analysis and statistical techniques, she analyses global and local spatial processes of the social and economic systems. Her research interests include socio-spatial inequalities, social segregation, depopulation, internal migration, and post-socialist change.
Heleen Janssen is an Assistant Professor in the Urban Studies research group at the Department of Urbanism of Delft University of Technology. She is a social scientist with a background in Sociology and Criminology and received her doctoral degree from Utrecht University in 2016. Her main research interests include urban sociology, crime and delinquency, spatial inequality, segregation, ethnic diversity, social cohesion and neighborhood effects. Heleen is affiliated to the independent research group Space, Contexts, and Crime at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Crime, Security and Law (Freiburg, Germany). Heleen has previously worked at the Max Planck Institute for Foreign and International Criminal Law (Freiburg, G

Contenu
Part 1: Introduction.- Rising inequalities and a changing social geography of cities. An introduction to the global segregation book.- Residential segregation between income groups in international perspective.- Part 2: Africa.- Income inequality, socio-economic status and residential segregation in Greater Cairo: 1986-2006.- Social inequality and spatial segregation in Cape Town.- Income inequality and socio-economic segregation in the city of Johannesburg.- Part 3: Asia.- Dual land regime, income inequalities and multifaceted socio-economic and spatial segregation in Hong Kong.- Income inequality and socioeconomic segregation in Jakarta.- Socio-spatial segregation and exclusion in Mumbai.- Social polarisation and socio-economic segregation in Shanghai, China: Evidence from 2000 and 2010 censuses.- Increasing inequality and the changing spatial distribution of income in Tel-Aviv.- Changes in occupational structure and residential segregation in Tokyo.- Part 4: Australia.- The land ofthe 'fair go'? Mapping income inequality and socioeconomic segregation across Melbourne neighbourhoods.- Part 5: Europe.- Making sense of segregation in a well-connected city: the case of Berlin.