Small Stress Proteins

This book gives a comprehensive survey of the current knowledge of the expression and function of small stress proteins (sHsps) in different organisms, from prokaryotes to humans. It provides an overview of the diversity and complex evolutionary history of sHsps and describes their function and expression in different eukaryote models. Additional chapters discuss the role of sHsps in pathological conditions and gene therapy approaches towards a control of sHsp expression levels.

This is the first book exclusively devoted to small stress proteins Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

Contenu
Evolution and Diversity of Prokaryotic Small Heat Shock Proteins.- 1 Introduction.- 2 sHsps in Prokaryotes.- 3 Are sHsps Dispensable in Some Pathogenic Bacteria?.- 4 Phylogenetic Analysis of Prokaryotic sHsps.- 5 Lateral Transfer or Convergent Evolution of Prokaryotic sHsp Genes.- 6 Secondary Structure Prediction of the a-Crystallin Domain.- 7 Alignment and Secondary Structure Prediction of the N-Terminal Domain.- 8 Summary and Concluding Remarks.- References.- Discovery of Two Distinct Small Heat Shock Protein (HSP) Families in the Desert Fish Poeciliopsis.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Variation in Small HSPs Among Desert Species of Poeciliopsis.- 3 Variation in Small HSPs Within Poeciliopsis Species.- 4 Discovery of Two Classes of Small HSPs in a Single Taxon.- References.- Chaperone Function of sHsps.- 1 Introduction.- 2 General Aspect of Chaperone function.- 3 The Chaperone Properties of sHsps.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- The Small Heat Shock Proteins of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: Structure, Regulation and Biology.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Small Heat Shock Protein Family of C. elegans.- 3 The 16-kDa Stress Proteins (Hspl6s).- 4 The 12-kDa Small Heat Shock Proteins (Hspl2s).- 5 SIP-1.- 6 Hspl7.5.- 7 Hsp25.- 8 Hsp43.- 9 Conclusions and Prospects.- References.- Drosophila Small Heat Shock Proteins: Cell and Organelle-Specific Chaperones?.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Members of the Small Heat Shock Proteins Family.- 3 Transcriptional Regulation.- 4 Intracellular Localisation-Analysis of Targeting Signals.- 5 Biochemical Properties and Post-Translational Modifications.- 6 Stress-Induced Expression of sHsp.- 7 Developmental Expression of sHsp.- 8 Conclusion.- References.- The Developmental Expression of Small HSP.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Small HSP in Extraembryonic Development.- 3Small HSP in Ectodermal Lineages.- 4 Small HSP in Mesodermal Lineages.- 5 Small HSP in Endodermal Lineages.- 6 Phosphorylation of sHSP During Development.- 7 Developmental Regulation of Small HSP Gene Expression.- 8 The Role of Small HSP in Development and Differentiation.- 9 Small HSP in the Development of Non-Mammals.- References.- Expression and Phosphorylation of Mammalian Small Heat Shock Proteins.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Modification of the Expression of Hsp27 and ?B-crystallin.- 3 Phosphorylation of Small Hsps.- References.- sHsp-Phosphorylation: Enzymes, Signaling Pathways and Functional Implications.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Identification of Phosphorylated sHsps.- 3 The Major Pathway for sHsp Phosphorylation Via p38 MAPK and MAPKAP Kinase 2.- 4 Other Pathways.- 5 Functional Aspects of sHsps-Phosphorylation.- References.- Small Stress Proteins: Modulation of Intracellular Redox State and Protection Against Oxidative Stress.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Cell Death Induced in Response to Oxidative Stress.- 3 sHsp Expression Protects Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Death.- 4 sHsp Expression Can Also Enhance Oxidative Stress Induced Cell Death.- 5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives.- References.- Small Stress Proteins: Novel Negative Modulators of Apoptosis Induced Independently of Reactive Oxygen Species.- 1 Introduction.- 2 sHsp Expression Protects Against Apoptosis Induced Independently of ROS Formation.- 3 Hsp27 as Essential Anti-Apoptotic Protein During Early Cell Differentiation.- 4 Hsp27 Modulates Apoptosis in Vivo and Enhances the Tumorigenicity of Transformed Cells.- 5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives.- References.- Hsp27 as a Prognostic and Predictive Factor in Cancer.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Female Genital Tract.- 3 Nervous System and Digestive Tract.- 4Hematological Malignancies.- 5 Genitourinary Tract.- 6 Tumors from Others Tissues.- 7 Conclusion.- References.- Cytoskeletal Competence Requires Protein Chaperones.- 1 Symmary.- 2 Human Diseases Caused by sHSF Mutations.- 3 sHSP Interaction with the Cytoskeleton.- 4 Functional Implications of the Interactions.- 5 The Chaperone-Cytoskeleton Complex. The Guardian of the Cytoplasm?.- References.- Hsp27 in the Nervous System: Expression in Pathophysiology and in the Aging Brain.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Constitutive Expression of Hsp27 in the Nervous System.- 3 Expression of Hsp27 in Pathophysiology.- 4 Expression of Hsp27 in Diseases of the Aging Brain.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- Protection of Neuronal and Cardiac Cells by HSP27.- 1 Protective Effect of Heat Shock Proteins.- 2 Protective Effect of HSP27.- 3 Protective Effect of HSP27 in Neuronal and Cardiac Cells.- 4 Conclusion.- References.