Intracranial Pressure II

Since the early days of neurosurgery the management of patients with intracranial hypertension has formed part of the day-to-day routine of the neurosurgeon. The introduction of modem techniques for the clinical monitoring of the intracranial pressure (ICP) meant a firmer basis for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients but it also started a new research boom in the pathophysiology of ICP, and its integration with the intracranial dynamics and metabolism of the brain. This development was clearly demonstrated at the first ICP symposium which was most successfully arranged in 1972 by Hermann Dietz and Mario Brock at the Medizinische Hochschule of Hannover. The widespread interest in ICP problems which was so obviously demonstrated during this meeting evoked the idea that further ICP symposia might be warranted. At a final conference the organizers and members of the advisory board agreed that a second ICP symposium should be arranged two years later, and suggested that it should be held in Lund. This volume contains the papers presented at the Second ICP Symposium held in Lund on June 17-19, 1974. A total of 132 papers were submitted. 102 were accepted and included in the abstract volume which was issued to all participants beforehand. The selection was made by the organizing committee in co-operation with the advisory board and the chairmen.

Contenu
A Presentation of Pierre Janny.- Honorary Lecture.- After a Century: Henri Duret and Intracranial Pressure.- Session A: CSF Dynamics.- Chairman's Introduction.- Co-chairman's Summary.- Formation of Cerebrospinal Fluid.- Evidence for Bulk Flow of Cerebral Interstitial Fluid and its Possible Contribution to Cerebrospinal Fluid Production.- Porous Nature of the Absorptive Mechanism.- CSF Hydrodynamics Studied by Means of Constant Pressure Infusion Technique.- Arachnoid Villi and Granulations.- CSF Passage into the Superior Sagittal Sinus Cinematographic Observations in Cats.- The definition of a reduced CSF absorption syndrome: Clinical and experimental studies.- CSF Dynamics: A Mathematical Approach.- A Computer Model of CSF Dynamics.- Session B: Volume/Pressure Relations in the Craniospinal Cavity.- Chairman's Introduction.- Chairman's Summary.- Mechanical Basis of the CSF Pressure-Volume Curve.- The Role of Spinal Subarachnoid Spaces in Compensation of Intracranial Hypertension.- A Compartmental Analysis of Compliance and Outflow Resistance and the Effects of Elevated Blood Pressure.- Volume Pressure Curves and Pial Vascular Pressure Gradients in the Rhesus Monkey.- Volume-Pressure Response in Various Experimental and Clinical Conditions.- Intracranial Pressure/Volume Relationship in Acute Experimental Water Intoxication.- Volume Pressure Relationship in Clinical and Experimental Conditions of Raised ICP.- Intracranial Pressure Course in Repeated Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.- Session C: Pathogenesis of Hydrocephalus.- Co-chairman's Introduction.- Chairman's Summary.- Intracranial Pressure and Pathogenesis of Normotensive Hydrocephalus.- CSF Pulse Wave Changes in Cases with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- A Discussion on the Intracranial Pressure-Volume Relationship in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Continuous Intracranial Pressure Monitoring During Treatment of Neonatal Hydrocephalus by Cranial Compression.- The Importance of CSF Pressure-Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Dysautoregulation in the Pathogenesis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Cerebral Blood Volume in Dementia.- The Cerebral Blood Flow in Low Pressure Hydrocephalus.- Session D: The Effects of Increased ICP and Ischemia on Brain Metabolism and Morphology.- Chairman's Introduction.- Co-chairman's Summary.- Neuropathological Alterations in Rat Brain after Complete Ischemia due to Raised Intracranial Pressure.- The Pathophysiologic, Morphologic, Metabolic, and Flow Consequences of Severe Experimental Intracranial Hypertension in the Rabbit.- Intracranial Pressure after Prolonged Cerebral Ischemia.- Effects of Intracranial Hypertension, Low-Pressure Hydrocephalus and Subsequent Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunting on Monoamine Neurons in Rabbit Brain.- Monoamine Metabolism in Rat Brain after Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Correlation of ICP with CSF Lactate and Lactate/Pyruvate Ratios in Hydrocephalus.- Cerebral Hemodynamics and Metabolism in Pseudotumour Cerebri.- Session E: Distribution of Pressures Within the Cranial Cavity.- Chairmen's Introduction and Comments.- Methodology for Measuring Intracranial Parenchymal Pressure (ICPP).- An Evaluation of Static and Dynamic Properties of Tissue Pressure Catheters.- Brain Tissue Pressure Gradients.- Gradients of Brain Interstitial Fluid Pressure in Experimental Brain Infusion and Compression.- Brain Tissue Pressure Gradients in Experimental Infarction Recorded by Multiple Wick-Type Transducers.- Intracranial Pressure Gradients in Experimental Cerebral Infarction.- Development of Pressure Gradients within Brain Tissue during the Formation of Vasogenic Brain Edema.- Intracranial Pressure Gradients Do They Exist?.- The Use of Positive Contrast Ventriculography with Experimental Intracranial Hypertension.- Session F: Interrelations Between ICP and Blood Circulation Within the Intracranial Space.- Chairman's Introduction.- Chairmen's Comments.- Some Aspects of Cerebrovascular Resistance in Raised Intracranial Pressure: An Experimental Study.- Autoregulation of CBF in Conditions of Raised Intracranial Pressure in Primates.- Analysis of Factors Contributing to Cerebrovascular Autoregulation.- The Pressure Relationship Between the Intracranial Subarachnoid Space and the Superior Sagittal Sinus of the Dog during Changes in aPO2, aPCO2 and in Cerebral Perfusion Pressure.- Intracranial Pressure and Intracerebral Steal.- The Effect of Triethyl Tin Cerebral Edema on the Behavior, Blood Flow, Intracranial Pressure and Brain Water Content in the Rat.- Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients with ICP Elevation due to Traumatic Brain Edema (abstract).- Session G: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Effects of Increased ICP.- Chairman's Introduction and Comments.- Effect of Raised Intracranial Pressure on Pulmonary Function in Cats.- Blood Pressure Response to Raised CSF Pressure.- The Interrelations between Increased Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Ischemia, Cerebral Hypoxia, and Cerebral Hypercapnia on the Cushing Response.- The Cushing Response A Compensatory Mechanism or a Dangerous Phenomenon.- Breathing Pattern, Response to CO2 and Blood Gases in Cats with Experimental Increases in Intracranial Pressure.- The Effects of Increased Intracranial Pressure on Respiratory Functions.- The Role of Increased Intracranial Pressure in the Production of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema.- Session H: Peroperative Variations of ICP and Effects of Anaesthetics and Other Agents.- Chairman's Introduction.- Chairmen's Summary.- Isoflurane and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Neurosurgery.- Is there any Indication for Halothane Anesthesia in Neurosurgical Procedures with Increased ICP today?.- Changes in Intracranial Pressure and Systemic Arterial Pressure during the Termination of Anaesthesia.- The Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on Intracranial Pressure and Autoregulation.- Clinical Significance of ICP Measurements Following Intracranial Surgery.- Effects of Dexamethasone on Clinical Condition, Intraventricular Pressure, Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Ventricular Fluid Composition in Six Patients with Malignant Gliomas.- The Effect of Mannitol, Steroids and Hypocapnia on the Intracranial Volume/Pressure Response. An Experimental and Clinical Study.- Barbiturates and Hypothermia for Persistently Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Session I: Methodology.- Chairmen's Summaries and Comments.- ICP Microprobes Series Microfet.- Telemetric Measurement of Intracranial Pressure with an Electromagnetic Detector.- A Miniature SFT Transducer for Continuous Monitoring of Intracranial Pressure.- Simplification of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring.- …