Harm reduction

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 24. Chapters: Recreational drug use, Safe injection site, Needle-exchange programme, Moderation Management, Responsible drug use, Trip sitter, Pill testing, Tobacco harm reduction, Swedish Drug Users Union, Enlighten Harm Reduction, Condoms, needles, and negotiation. Excerpt: Harm reduction (or harm minimisation) refers to a range of public health policies designed to reduce the harmful consequences associated with recreational drug use and other high risk activities. Harm reduction is put forward as a useful perspective alongside the more conventional approaches of demand and supply reduction. Many advocates argue that prohibitionist laws criminalize people for suffering from a disease and cause harm, for example by obliging drug addicts to obtain drugs of unknown purity from unreliable criminal sources at high prices, increasing the risk of overdose and death. Its critics are concerned that tolerating risky or illegal behaviour sends a message to the community that these behaviours are acceptable. Providing a medical prescription for pharmaceutical heroin (diamorphine) to heroin addicts has been seen in some countries as a way of solving the heroin problem with potential benefits to the individual addict and to society. The treatment greatly improves the social and health situation of patients, while reducing costs incurred by delinquency, criminal trials, incarceration and health interventions. In Switzerland, heroin assisted treatment is fully a part of the national health program. There are several dozen centers throughout the country at which heroin-dependent people can receive heroin in a controlled environment. The Swiss heroin maintenance program is generally regarded as a successful and valuable component of the country's overall approach to minimizing the harms caused by drug use. In a 2008 national referendum a majority of 68% voted in favor of continuing the program. The Netherlands has studied medically supervised heroin maintenance. A German study of long-term heroin addicts demonstrated that diamorphine was significantly more effective than methadone in keeping patients in treatment and in improving their health and social situation. Many participants were able to find employment, some even started a family after years

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Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 92. Chapters: Condoms, needles, and negotiation, Enlighten Harm Reduction, Low-threshold treatment programs, Moderation Management, Needle-exchange programme, Pill testing, Prevention Point Philadelphia, Responsible drug use, Supervised injection site, Swedish Drug Users Union, Tobacco harm reduction, Trip sitter. Excerpt: 244 article summaries including: Tobacco harm reduction . The prospects for tobacco harm reduction . Tobacco harm reduction: Promise and perils . Tobacco harm reduction: an alternative cessation strategy for inveterate smokers . The scientific foundation for tobacco harm reduction, 2006-2011 . Tobacco harm reduction: what do the experts think . Tobacco harm reduction: an alternative cessation strategy for inveterate smokers . The scientific foundation for tobacco harm reduction, 2006-2011 . Tobacco harm reduction: A call to address the ethical dilemmas . Tobacco Harm Reduction Strategies: The Case for Physical Activity . Review of "Clearing the Smoke: Assessing the Science Base for Tobacco Harm Reduction" . Assessment of Swedish snus for tobacco harm reduction: an epidemiological modelling study . Estimating the Health Impacts of Tobacco Harm Reduction: A Simulation modeling Approach . Retailers' knowledge of tobacco harm reduction following the introduction of a new brand of smokeless tobacco . Aiming at Tobacco Harm Reduction: A survey comparing smokers differing in readiness to quit . Introducing oral tobacco for tobacco harm reduction: what are the main obstacles . Retailers' knowledge of tobacco harm reduction following the introduction of a new brand of smokeless tobacco . Introducing oral tobacco for tobacco harm reduction: what are the main obstacles . Aiming at Tobacco Harm Reduction: A survey comparing smokers differing in readiness to quit . Association of snuff use with chronic bronchitis among South African women : implications for tobacco harm reduction . Tobacco harm reduction: Conceptual structure and nomenclature for analysis and research . Patients' views on smoking cessation and tobacco harm reduction during drug treatment . Nurses' Knowledge About the Risk of Light Cigarettes and Other Tobacco "Harm Reduction" Strategies . The US tobacco control community's view of the future of tobacco harm reduction . A tobacco-free society or tobacco harm reduction Which objective is best for the remaining smokers in Scandinavia . Debunking the claim that abstinence is usually healthier for smokers than switching to a low-risk alternative, and other observations about anti-tobacco-harm-reduction arguments . Lessons from the History of Tobacco Harm Reduction: The National Cancer Institute's Smoking and Health Program and the "Less Hazardous Cigarette" . STUDIES IN TOBACCO HARM REDUCTION: THE ROLE OF CONTEXT IN SUBJECTIVE EFFECTS AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO A REDUCED EXPOSURE TOBACCO PRODUCT . Debunking the claim that abstinence is usually healthier for smokers than switching to a low-risk alternative, and other observations about anti-tobacco-harm-reduction arguments . The adoption of a harm reduction philosophy: the development and operation of a needle exchange programme in one former health board area . Harm reduction journal . International Harm Reduction Association . Canadian Harm Reduction Network . Harm Reduction Journal . International Harm Reduction Association . Harm Reduction Coalition (HRC) . Good practice in harm r...