Cool Stars with Excesses of Heavy Elements

P. C. Keenan,

C. Jaschek

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Proceedings of the Strasbourg Observatory Colloquium held at Strasbourg, France, June 3-6, 1984 The idea of this colloquium was fi...

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Proceedings of the Strasbourg Observatory Colloquium held at Strasbourg, France, June 3-6, 1984
The idea of this colloquium was first put forward by Prof. P. Keenan when he visited the Centre de Donnees Stellaires, in September 1982. Dr. A. Florsch, Director of the Strasbourg Observatory, kindly accepted to field it at Strasbourg. The scientific organization of the colloquium was in charge of a Committee chaired by Prof. P.C. Keenan and composed by M. Feast, A. Florsch, B. Gustafsson, D. Harmer, M. Jaschek (secretary), R. McClure, A. Maeder, W. Straizys and T. Tsuji. The members of the Committee helped to translate the idea into a very successful meeting. It should be added that this colloquium was the first meeting devoted to late-type peculiar stars. The program was organized by sessions devoted to the following topics : taxonomy, photometric properties, distribution and space motions, chemical com position, model atmosphere, binary systems and evolutionary tracks. Each session started with a review paper, followed by contributed papers presented as posters. The different sessions were chaired by W. Bidelman, R. Cayrel, Ch. Cowley, A. Heck, H.R. Johnson, J.P. Kaufmann and T. Tsuji, who did an excellent job. The President of the "Louis Pasteur University of Strasbourg", Prof. H. Duranton, welcomed the participants to the University where the sessions were held; Dr. A. Florsch welcomed the participation on be.balf of the French astrono mical community and Prof. P. Keenan spoke on behalf on the Scientific Organizing Committee.
Zusammenfassung
`This comprehensive review of red giant stars with excesses of heavy metals succeeds in conveying not only the wealth of observational data now available on the characteristics of cool stars but also the extraordinary progress of the last 65 years in understanding the complex process of stellar evolution. The book serves as an important milestone on the way to a more complete understanding of the evolution of stars.'
Science, 232 (1986)
Inhalt
I. Spectral Characteristics that Define the Groups of Peculiar Cool Stars.- 1. Taxonomy of late-type giants (Review paper).- 2. Spectral classification and the relations between peculiar giants.- 3. The infrared spectra of red variables: II. The SC and CS stars.- 4. Spectrophotometric characteristics of barium stars.- 5. Identification of photographic infrared spectral region in carbon stars.- 6. Peculiar cool stars in planetary nebulae The spectrum of FG Sge.- 7. The discovery and frequency of barium stars.- 8. The IUE low-dispersion spectra reference atlas.- 9. Ultraviolet spectra of N, R and S stars.- II. Photometric Properties of the Peculiar Stars. Light Curves of Variables.- 10. Photometric properties of peculiar red giants. (Review Paper).- 11. Absolute spectrophotometry of F-, G-, K-, and M-type stars.- 12. Calibrations of photometric indices on new temperature scales and Problem of spectral classification in M and C stars.- 13. A new photometric system for monitoring carbon star variability.- 14. Some properties of S Mira variables.- III. Distribution and Space Motions of the Peculiar Stars. Membership in Clusters and Magellanic Clouds.- 15. The distribution and motions of peculiar red giants (Review paper).- 16. The Catalogue of stellar groups. II. Cool peculiar stars.- 17. Kinematics of late-type giants.- 18. Kinematics and spatial density of main sequence SMR stars.- 19. Some statistics on barium stars.- 20. Carbon stars and the center of our Galaxy.- 21. The evolutionary connection between S and 163 C stars: evidence from star clusters and the Magellanic Clouds.- 22. Kinematics of carbon stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud.- 23. Carbon and M stars in NGC 205.- 24. Carbon stars in the Carina dwarf galaxy.- 25. Carbon stars and S stars near open clusters a statistical approach.- 26. The absolute magnitude of barium stars.- IV. Chemical Compositions of the Several Varieties of Peculiar Stars. Comparisons.- 27. The chemical composition of cool stars: I The barium stars. (Review paper).- 28. Rare earth patterns in red giants and blue dwarfs.- 29. Statistical equilibrium of Fe I/Fe II in cool stars.- 30. Chemical composition of barium stars.- 31. Abundance analysis of cool carbon stars.- 32. Calcium chloride in the IUE 249 spectra of carbon stars.- 33. Carbon isotope ratios in oxygen rich Mira and SRa variables.- 34. Niobium in R and (S6, 6e) and HR 1105 (S5,3).- 35. Excitation of some La II, Gd II and V I Lines by the fluorescence mechanism in the spectra of the long-period variable o Ceti.- V. Model Atmospheres for the Peculiar Stars.- 36. Model atmospheres for peculiar red giant stars. (Review paper).- 37. Model atmospheres for M (super-) giants with different abundances of the heavy metals and the CNO group.- 38. C, N, O, and their isotope abundances in coolest stars of the red giant branch.- 39. HCN in stellar atmospheres a quantum mechanical calculation.- 40. Dust formation in stellar winds.- VI. Binary Systems. Radial Velocity Curves.- 41. Binary systems among the peculiar cool stars. (Review paper).- 42. The first binary orbit for an S-type star HR 1105.- 43. A search for companions to irregular variables of type S.- 44. The proportion of binaries having a degenerate companion; implications on the formation of barium stars.- 45. Formation of helium stars with extended envelopes in binaries.- 46. Mira's role in RR Tel revisited.- VII. Evolutionary Tracks of the Peculiar Stars. Nuclear Reactions. Dredge-Up Mechanics.- 47. Stellar evolution, nucleosynthesis and dredge-up in cool giants. (Review Paper).- 48. Analysis of Zr and Tc abundances from S-stars using the s-process with an exponential distribution of neutron exposures.- 49. The s-process within the R Coronae Borealis star U Aquarii.- VIII. Conclusions. Discussions of Possible Cooperative Programs.- 50. Concluding summary and remarks.- 51. Opening remarks to the general discussion.- Address to Philip Keenan on Behalf of the Participants.- Author's Index.