Noninvasive Assessment of Trabecular Bone Architecture and The Competence of Bone

Sharmila Majumdar In the area of osteoporosis and skeletal changes, it is currently accepted that bone mineral density (BMD), widely used for screening, monitoring and assessing therapeutic efficacy, does not adequately explain the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, the process of aging, or the therapeutic efficacy of various treatments. In this context, trabecular micro architecture has enormous potential to contribute to understanding the pathophysiology of osteopor.osis and therapy assessment. The use and value of noninvasive imaging and quantitative image analysis and processing of trabecular bone micro-architecture have increased dramatically due to recent advances in instrumentation and software. This emerging field is diverse, interdisciplinary, and encompasses many different imaging modalities. Interested researchers include those involved in technique development, basic science and animal studies, as well as clinical researchers and practicing physicians. With the growth of this area of research, a group of investigators at the 11th Interna tional Workshop of Bone Densitometry, 1 concluded that a forum dedicated to this matter was urgently needed. With this agenda, Dr. Peter Ruegsegger organized the first sympo 2 sium on conjunction with the 10th Conference of the European Society of Biomechanics. The symposium on Bone Architecture and Competence was a two-hourlong event which resulted in five chapters in Bone Research and Biomechanics, edited by G. Lowet, P. Ruegsegger, H. Weinans, and A. Meunier, published by lOS Press, 1997. The second symposium was held as a pre-symposium to the 12th Workshop on Bone Denistometry,3 and flourished as a daylong event.

Klappentext
The study of bone microarchitecture is flourishing because of a recent shift in perspective that has taken researchers beyond utilizing bone mineral density as the primary source of information about certain matters related to bone. In the area of osteoporosis and skeletal changes, bone mineral density (BMD) is widely used for screening, monitoring and assessing therapeutic efficacy, and yet, it is currently accepted that BMD does not fully explain the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, the process of aging, nor mechanisms of therapeutic efficacy. In this context, the study of trabecular microarchitecture has much to contribute. The emerging field of trabecular microarchitecture, however, is diverse, inter-disciplinary and encompasses many different imaging modalities. This volume represents a compilation of papers from world-renowned researchers, reflecting the most current research in the area of noninvasive assessment of trabecular microcarchitecture. This varied research applies sophisticated imaging tools to questions of bone biomechanics at both the basic science and clinical levels. The authors' works range from review articles and research articles to works in progress. Taken together, they offer a foray into the "state of the art" of investigating bone at its most basic levels

Zusammenfassung
Presents a compilation of papers from some of the world-renowned researchers, showing the research in the area of noninvasive assessment of trabecular microcarchitecture.

Inhalt

1. Evaluation of Trabecular Bone Orientation in Wrists of Young Volunteers Using Mr Relaxometry and High Resolution Mri.- 2. Micro-Computed Tomography to Evaluate Bone Remodeling and Mineralization.- 3. Micro-Fe Analyses of Bone: State of the Art.- 4. Changes in Trabecular Bone Structure Assessed by High-Resolution Mri in Patients After Transplantation.- 5. Direct Measures of Trabecular Bone Architecture from Mr Images.- 6. Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Trabecular and Cortical Bone.- 7. Three-Dimensional Digital Topological Analysis of Trabecular Bone.- 8. Hierarchical Structure of Bone and Micro-Computed Tomography.- 9. Central Control of Bone Mass: Brainstorming of the Skeleton.- 10. Assessment of Bone Quality, Quantity, And Turnover With Multiple Methodologies at Multiple Skeletal Sites.- 11. Fracture Healing and Micro-Architecture.- 12. Simulation of Osteoporosis Bone Changes: Effects on the Degree of Anistropy.- 13. Changes in Bone Remodeling Rate Influence the Degree of Mineralization of Bone Which Is a Determinant of Bone Strength: Therapeutic Implications.- 14. Synchrotron Radiation µCt: A Reference Tool for the Characterization of Bone Samples.- 15. Prediction of Distal Radius Failure With µFe Models Based on 3d-Pqct Scans.- 16. Visualization and Analysis of Trabecular Bone Architecture in the Limited Spatial Resolution Regime of in Vivo Micro-Mm.- 17. The Effects of Pth (1-34) on Bone Structure and Strength in Ovariectomized Monkeys.- 18. Experimental Measurement of Three-Dimensional Continuum-Level Strain Field in Trabecular Bone.- 19. Engineering Microstructures to Evaluate and Replace Trabecular Bone.- 20. In Vivo Micro Tomography.