Zinc Batteries

Battery technology is constantly changing, and the concepts and applications of these changes are rapidly becoming increasingly more important as more and more industries and individuals continue to make "greener" choices in their energy sources. As global dependence on fossil fuels slowly wanes, there is a heavier and heavier importance placed on cleaner power sources and methods for storing and transporting that power. Battery technology is a huge part of this global energy revolution.

Zinc batteries are an advantageous choice over lithium-based batteries, which have dominated the market for years in multiple areas, most specifically in electric vehicles and other battery-powered devices. Zinc is the fourth most abundant metal in the world, which is influential in its lower cost, making it a very attractive material for use in batteries. Zinc-based batteries have been around since the 1930s, but only now are they taking center stage in the energy, automotive, and other industries.

Zinc Batteries: Basics, Developments, and Applicationsis intended as a discussion of the different zinc batteries for energy storage applications. It also provides an in-depth description of various energy storage materials for Zinc (Zn) batteries. This book is an invaluable reference guide for electro-chemists, chemical engineers, students, faculty, and R&D professionals in energy storage science, material science, and renewable energy.

Autorentext

Rajender Boddula, PhD, is currently working for the Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative (CAS-PIFI) at the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST, Beijing). He has published many scientific articles and serves as an editorial board member for a number of international peer-reviewed journals and has published edited books with numerous publishers. Inamuddin, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and is also an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has extensive research experience in multidisciplinary fields of analytical chemistry, materials chemistry, electrochemistry, renewable energy and environmental science. He has published about 150 research articles in various international scientific journals, 18 book chapters, and 60 edited books with multiple well-known publishers. His current research interests include ion exchange materials, a sensor for heavy metal ions, biofuel cells, supercapacitors and bending actuators. Abdullah M. Asiri is the Head of the Chemistry Department at King Abdulaziz University and the founder and Director of the Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR). He is placed on the list of prestigious highly cited (Hi-Ci) researchers' of the year 2018 powered by Web of Science. He serves on the editorial boards of multiple scientific journals and is the Vice President of the Saudi Chemical Society (Western Province Branch). He holds multiple patents, has authored many books, more than one thousand publications in international journals, and multiple book chapters.

Klappentext
Edited by one of the most well-respected and prolific chemists in the world and his team, this is the most thorough, up-to-date, and comprehensive volume on zinc (Zn) batteries available today. Battery technology is constantly changing, and the concepts and applications of these changes are rapidly becoming increasingly more important as more and more industries and individuals continue to make "greener" choices in their energy sources. As global dependence on fossil fuels slowly wanes, there is a heavier and heavier importance placed on cleaner power sources and methods for storing and transporting that power. Battery technology is a huge part of this global energy revolution. Zinc batteries are an advantageous choice over lithium-based batteries, which have dominated the market for years in multiple areas, most specifically in electric vehicles and other battery-powered devices. Zinc is the fourth most abundant metal in the world, which is influential in its lower cost, making it a very attractive material for use in batteries. Zinc-based batteries have been around since the 1930s, but only now are they taking center stage in the energy, automotive, and other industries. Zinc Batteries: Basics, Developments, and Applications is intended as a discussion of the different zinc batteries for energy storage applications. It also provides an in-depth description of various energy storage materials for Zinc (Zn) batteries. This book is an invaluable reference guide for electrochemists, chemical engineers, students, faculty, and R&D professionals in energy storage science, material science, and renewable energy. This outstanding new volume:

• Covers the basic research and application approaches to zinc batteries
• Explores challenges and future directions of zinc batteries
• Outlines the influences of electrodes and electrolytes for enhanced performance
• Includes all types of energy storage materials in a single volume
• Elaborates on the extensive properties of zinc batteries electrodes for future use

Inhalt
Preface xiii

1 Carbon Nanomaterials for Zn-Ion Batteries 1
*Prasun Banerjee, Adolfo Franco Jr, Rajender Boddula, K. Chandra Babu Naidu and Ramyakrishna Pothu*

1.1 Introduction 2

1.2 Co4N (CN) - Carbon Fibers Network (CFN) -Carbon Cloth (CC) 2

1.3 N-Doping of Carbon Nanofibers 2

1.4 NiCo2S4 on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes 4

1.5 3D Phosphorous and Sulfur Co-Doped C3N4 Sponge With C Nanocrystal 5

1.6 2D Carbon Nanosheets 6

1.7 N-Doped Graphene Oxide With NiCo2O4 6

1.8 Conclusions 7

Acknowledgements 8

References 8

2 Construction, Working, and Applications of Different Zn-Based Batteries 11
*G. Ranjith Kumar, K. Chandra Babu Naidu, D. Baba Basha, D. Prakash Babu, M.S.S.R.K.N. Sarma, Ramyakrishna Pothu, and Rajender Boddula*

2.1 Introduction 12

2.2 History 13

2.3 Types of Batteries 14

2.3.1 Primary Battery 14

2.3.2 Secondary Battery 14

2.4 Zinc-Carbon Batteries 18

2.5 Zinc-Cerium Batteries 19

2.6 Zinc-Bromine Flow Batteries 20

References 21

3 Nickel and Cobalt Materials for Zn Batteries 25
*Sonal Singh, Rishabh Sharma and Manika Khanuja*

3.1 Introduction 26

3.2 Zinc Batteries 27

3.3 Nickel-Zinc Battery 27

3.3.1 History 27

3.3.2 Basics 28

3.3.3 Materials and Cost 30

3.3.4 Reliability 30

3.3.5 Voltage Drop 30

3.3.6 Performance 31

3.4 Advantages 31

3.5 Challenges 32

3.6 Effect of Metallic Additives, Cobalt and Zinc, on Nickel Electrode 32

3.7 Conclusion 33

References 34

4 Manganese-Based Materials for Zn Batteries 37
*S. Ramesh, K. Chandrababu Naidu, K. Venkata Ratnam, H. Manjunatha, D. Baba Basha and A. Mallikarjauna*

4.1 Introduction 37

4.2 History of the Zinc and Zinc Batteries 38

4.3 Characteristics of Batteries 41

4.3.1 Capacity 41

4.3.2 Current 41

4.3.3 Power Density 41

4.4 MN-Based Zn Batteries 42

4.5 Conclusion 44

References 47

5 Electrolytes for Zn-Ion Batteries 51
*Praveen Kumar Yadav, Sapna Raghav, Jyoti Raghav and S. S. Swarupa Tripathy*

5.1 Introduction 52

5.2 Electrolytes for Rechargeable Zinc Ion Batteries (RZIBs) 53

5.2.1 Aqueous Electrolytes (AqEs) 54

5.2.1.1 Pros and Cons of AEs 55

5.2.1.2 Neutral or Mildly Acidic Electrolytes 58

5.2.2 Non-Aqueous Electrolytes 59

5.2.2.1 Solid Polymer Electrolytes 60

5.2.2.2 Hydrogel or Gel Electrolytes 61

5.2.2.3 Gel Polymer Electrolytes 63

5.2.3 Ionic Liquid Electrolytes 63

5.2.4 Bio-Electrolyte 65

5.3 Summary 65

Abbreviation Table 66

Acknowledgments 66

References 67

6 Anode Materials for Zinc-Ion Batteries 73
*Muhammad Mudassir Hassan, Muhammad Inam Khan, Abdu…