Vehicle Safety Communications

Provides an up-to-date, in-depth look at the current
research, design, and implementation of cooperative vehicle safety
communication protocols and technology

Improving traffic safety has been a top concern for
transportation agencies around the world and the focus of heavy
research and development efforts sponsored by both governments and
private industries. Cooperative vehicle systems--which use
sensors and wireless technologies to reduce traffic
accidents--can play a major role in making the world's roads
safer.

Vehicle Safety Communications: Protocols, Security, and
Privacy describes fundamental issues in cooperative vehicle
safety and recent advances in technologies for enabling cooperative
vehicle safety. It gives an overview of traditional vehicle safety
issues, the evolution of vehicle safety technologies, and the need
for cooperative systems where vehicles work together to reduce the
number of crashes or mitigate damage when crashes become
unavoidable.

Authored by two top industry professionals, the book:

• Summarizes the history and current status of 5.9 GHz Dedicated
  Short Range Communications (DSRC) technology and standardization,
  discussing key issues in applying DSRC to support cooperative
  vehicle safety

• Features an in-depth overview of on-board equipment (OBE) and
  roadside equipment (RSE) by describing sample designs to illustrate
  the key issues and potential solutions

• Takes on security and privacy protection requirements and
  challenges, including how to design privacy-preserving digital
  certificate management systems and how to evict misbehaving
  vehicles

• Includes coverage of vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)
  communications like intersection collision avoidance applications
  and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications like extended
  electronic brake lights and intersection movement assist

Vehicle Safety Communications is ideal for anyone working
in the areas of--or studying--cooperative vehicle safety
and vehicle communications.

Autorentext

LUCA DELGROSSI, PhD, is Director of Driver Assistance and
Chassis Systems U.S. at Mercedes-Benz Research & Development
North America, Inc., Chairman of the Board of Directors at the VII
Consortium, and coeditor of the IEEE Communications Magazine
Automotive Networking Series.

TAO ZHANG, PhD, is Chief Scientist for Smart Connected
Vehicles at Cisco Systems. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and the
coauthor of IP-Based Next-Generation Wireless Networks.

Zusammenfassung

Provides an up-to-date, in-depth look at the current research, design, and implementation of cooperative vehicle safety communication protocols and technology

Improving traffic safety has been a top concern for transportation agencies around the world and the focus of heavy research and development efforts sponsored by both governments and private industries. Cooperative vehicle systemswhich use sensors and wireless technologies to reduce traffic accidentscan play a major role in making the world's roads safer.

Vehicle Safety Communications: Protocols, Security, and Privacy describes fundamental issues in cooperative vehicle safety and recent advances in technologies for enabling cooperative vehicle safety. It gives an overview of traditional vehicle safety issues, the evolution of vehicle safety technologies, and the need for cooperative systems where vehicles work together to reduce the number of crashes or mitigate damage when crashes become unavoidable.

Authored by two top industry professionals, the book:

• Summarizes the history and current status of 5.9 GHz Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) technology and standardization, discussing key issues in applying DSRC to support cooperative vehicle safety
• Features an in-depth overview of on-board equipment (OBE) and roadside equipment (RSE) by describing sample designs to illustrate the key issues and potential solutions
• Takes on security and privacy protection requirements and challenges, including how to design privacy-preserving digital certificate management systems and how to evict misbehaving vehicles
• Includes coverage of vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications like intersection collision avoidance applications and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications like extended electronic brake lights and intersection movement assist
  Vehicle Safety Communications is ideal for anyone working in the areas ofor studyingcooperative vehicle safety and vehicle communications.

Inhalt

Foreword xv
Ralf G. Herrtwich

Foreword xvii
Flavio Bonomi

Foreword xix
Adam Drobot

Preface xxi

Acknowledgments xxv

1 Traffic Safety 1

1.1 Traffic Safety Facts 1

1.1.1 Fatalities 2

1.1.2 Leading Causes of Crashes 3

1.1.3 Current Trends 5

1.2 European Union 5

1.3 Japan 7

1.4 Developing Countries 7

References 8

2 Automotive Safety Evolution 10

2.1 Passive Safety 10

2.1.1 Safety Cage and the Birth of Passive Safety 10

2.1.2 Seat Belts 11

2.1.3 Air Bags 11

2.2 Active Safety 12

2.2.1 Antilock Braking System 12

2.2.2 Electronic Stability Control 13

2.2.3 Brake Assist 13

2.3 Advanced Driver Assistance Systems 14

2.3.1 Adaptive Cruise Control 15

2.3.2 Blind Spot Assist 16

2.3.3 Attention Assist 16

2.3.4 Precrash Systems 16

2.4 Cooperative Safety 17

References 18

3 Vehicle Architectures 20

3.1 Electronic Control Units 20

3.2 Vehicle Sensors 21

3.2.1 Radars 21

3.2.2 Cameras 21

3.3 Onboard Communication Networks 22

3.3.1 Controller Area Network 23

3.3.2 Local Interconnect Network 23

3.3.3 FlexRay 24

3.3.4 Media Oriented Systems Transport 24

3.3.5 Onboard Diagnostics 24

3.4 Vehicle Data 25

3.5 Vehicle Data Security 26

3.6 Vehicle Positioning 27

3.6.1 Global Positioning System 27

3.6.2 Galileo 29

3.6.3 Global Navigation Satellite System 29

3.6.4 Positioning Accuracy 30

References 30

4 Connected Vehicles 32

4.1 Connected Vehicle Applications 32

4.1.1 Hard Safety Applications 32

4.1.2 Soft Safety Applications 33

4.1.3 Mobility and Convenience Applications 33

4.2 Uniqueness in Consumer Vehicle Networks 34

4.3 Vehicle Communication Modes 36

4.3.1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle Local Broadcast 36

4.3.2 V2V Multihop Message Dissemination 37

4.3.3 Infrastructure-to-Vehicle Local Broadcast 38

4.3.4 Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Bidirectional Communications 39

4.4 Wireless Communications Technology for Vehicles 39

References 42

5 Dedicated Short-Range Communications 44

5.1 The 5.9 GHz Spectrum 44

5.1.1 DSRC Frequency Band Usage 45

5.1.2 DSRC Channels 45

5.1.3 DSRC Operations 46

5.2 DSRC in the European Union 46

5.3 DSRC in Japan 47

5.4 DSRC Standards 48

5.4.1 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments 48

5.4.2 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments Protocol Stack 48

5.4.3 International Harmonization 50

References 50

6 WAVE Physical Layer 52

6.1 Physical Layer Operations 52

6.1.1 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 52

6.1.2 Modulation and Coding Rates 53

6.1.3 Frame Reception 54

6.2 PHY Amendments 55

6.2.1 Channel Width 56

6.2.2 Spectrum Masks 56

6.2.3 Improved Receiver Performance 57

6.3 PHY Layer Modeling 57

6.3.1 Network Simulator Architecture 58

6.3.2 RF Model 59

6.3.3 Wireless PHY 61

References 62

7 WAVE Media Access Control Layer 64

7.1 Media Access Control Layer Operations 64

7.1.1 Carrier Sensing Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance 64

7.1.2 Hidden Terminal Effects 65

7.1.3 Basic Service Set 66

7.2 MAC Layer Amendments 66

7.3 MAC Layer Modeling 67

7.3.1 Transmission 68

7.3.2 Reception 68 <p&...