Audel Machine Shop Basics

Use the right tool the right way

Here, fully updated to include new machines and electronic/digital
controls, is the ultimate guide to basic machine shop equipment and
how to use it. Whether you're a professional machinist, an
apprentice, a trade student, or a handy homeowner, this fully
illustrated volume helps you define tools and use them properly and
safely. It's packed with review questions for students, and loaded
with answers you need on the job.

Mark Richard Miller is a Professor and Chairman of the Industrial
Technology Department at Texas A&M University in Kingsville,
Texas.

• Understand basic machine shop practice and safety measures

• Recognize the variations in similar tools and the purposes they
  serve

• Learn recommended methods of mounting work in different
  machines

• Obtain a complete working knowledge of numerically controlled
  machines and the operations they perform

• Review procedures for safe and efficient use of cutting tools and
  cutters

• Expand your knowledge with clear, step-by-step illustrations of
  proper equipment set-up and operation

Autorentext

Rex Miller was a Professor of Industrial Technology at The
State University of New York, College at Buffalo for over 35 years.
He has taught on the technical school, high school, and college
level for well over 40 years. He is the author or co-author of over
100 textbooks ranging from electronics to carpentry and sheet metal
work. He has contributed more than 50 magazine articles over the
years to technical publications. He is also the author of seven
civil war regimental histories.

Mark Richard Miller finished his BS degree in New York
and moved on to Ball State University, where he obtained a
master's degree and went to work in San Antonio. He taught in
high school and went to graduate school in College Station, Texas,
finishing a doctorate degree. He took a position at Texas A&M
University in Kingsville, Texas, where he now teaches in the
Industrial Technology Department as a Professor and Department
Chairman. He has co-authored seven books and contributed many
articles to technical magazines. His hobbies include refinishing a
1970 Plymouth Super Bird and a 1971 Roadrunner. He is also
interested in playing guitar, an interest he pursued while in
college as the lead guitarist of a band called The Rude Boys.

Zusammenfassung
Use the right tool the right way

Here, fully updated to include new machines and electronic/digital controls, is the ultimate guide to basic machine shop equipment and how to use it. Whether you're a professional machinist, an apprentice, a trade student, or a handy homeowner, this fully illustrated volume helps you define tools and use them properly and safely. It's packed with review questions for students, and loaded with answers you need on the job.

Mark Richard Miller is a Professor and Chairman of the Industrial Technology Department at Texas A&M University in Kingsville, Texas.

• Understand basic machine shop practice and safety measures
• Recognize the variations in similar tools and the purposes they serve
• Learn recommended methods of mounting work in different machines
• Obtain a complete working knowledge of numerically controlled machines and the operations they perform
• Review procedures for safe and efficient use of cutting tools and cutters
• Expand your knowledge with clear, step-by-step illustrations of proper equipment set-up and operation

Inhalt

Acknowledgments xi

About the Authors xiii

Introduction xiv

Chapter 1: Benchwork 1

The Bench and Bench Tools 1

Vises 2

Hammers 3

Chisels 5

Flat Chisel 5

Cape Chisel 8

Diamond-Point Chisel 8

Round-Nose Chisel 9

Hacksaws 10

Files 11

How to File 11

Drawfiling 15

File Characteristics 17

Scrapers 20

How to Use a Scraper 21

Scraper Classifications 23

Summary 23

Review Questions 24

Chapter 2: Precision Measurement and Gaging 27

Micrometer Calipers 27

Vernier Micrometer Calipers 29

Vernier Calipers 31

Bevel Protractors 34

Dial Indicators 38

Gages 39

Surface Gage 40

Height Gage 42

Depth Gage 43

Snap Gage 43

Plug Gage 44

Ring Gage 45

Taper Gage 45

Center Gage 47

Screw-Pitch Gage 47

Tap and Drill Gage 49

Thickness or Feeler Gage 49

Wire Gage 50

U.S. Standard Gage for Sheet and Plate Iron and Steel 51

Effects of Temperature and Weight on Precision Tools 51

Electronic Caliper Depth Gages 55

Electronic Digital Micrometer 58

Summary 58

Review Questions 60

Chapter 3: Materials 63

Properties 63

Desirable Properties 63

Definition of Properties 63

Metals 65

Ferrous Metals 65

Nonferrous Metals 70

Refractory Metals 71

Nonferrous Alloys 73

Nonmetals 76

Tests of Materials 76

Elasticity and Plasticity 76

Stress and Strain 77

Tensile Strength 77

Ductility 77

Toughness 77

Hardness 78

Portable Hardness Tester 78

Brittleness 82

Relationship between Mechanical Properties and Hardness 82

Effects of Temperature 83

Summary 84

Review Questions 85

Chapter 4: Abrasives 89

Structure of Abrasives 89

Natural Abrasives 89

Manufactured Abrasives 90

Composition of Abrasives 90

Silicon Carbide 91

Aluminum Oxide 91

Diamonds 91

Use of Abrasives in Grinding Wheels 92

Silicon Carbide Abrasives 92

Aluminum Oxide Abrasives 93

Diamond Abrasive 94

Summary 94

Review Questions 95

Chapter 5: Grinding 97

Manufacture of Grinding Wheels 97

Natural Grindstones 97

Manufactured Abrasive

Grinding Wheels 97

Bond Types in Grinding Wheels 101

Vitrified-Bond Grinding Wheels 101

Organic-Bonded Grinding Wheels 102

Silicate-Bonded Grinding Wheels 105

Grinding Wheel Markings 105

Abrasive Type 106

Grain Size 106

Grade 106

Structure 106

Bond or Process 107

Bond Modification Symbols 107

Factors Affecting Grinding Wheel Selection 107

Hardness of Material to Be Ground 108

Amount of Stock to Be Removed and Finish Required 108

Operation (Wet or Dry) 108

Wheel Speed 108

Area of Grinding Contact 109

Severity of Grinding Operation 109

Summary 110

Review Questions 110

Chapter 6: Cutting Fluids 113

Coolant 113

Lubricants 113

Application of Cutting Fluids 113

Types of Cutting Fluids 114

Solid Lubricants 115

Summary 117

Review Questions 118 **Chapter 7: Cutting Tools 119</b&g...