Potassium-ion Batteries

Battery technology is constantly changing, and the concepts and applications of these changes are rapidly becoming increasingly more important as more and more industries and individuals continue to make "greener" choices in their energy sources. As global dependence on fossil fuels slowly wanes, there is a heavier and heavier importance placed on cleaner power sources and methods for storing and transporting that power. Battery technology is a huge part of this global energy revolution.

Potassium-ion batteries were first introduced to the world for energy storage in 2004, over two decades after the invention of lithium-ion batteries. Potassium-ion (or "K-ion") batteries have many advantages, including low cost, long cycle life, high energy density, safety, and reliability. Potassium-ion batteries are the potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries, fueling a new direction of energy storage research in many applications and across industries.
Potassium-ion Batteries: Materials and Applications explores the concepts, mechanisms, and applications of the next-generation energy technology of potassium-ion batteries. Also included is an in-depth overview of energy storage materials and electrolytes. This is the first book on this technology and serves as a reference guide for electrochemists, chemical engineers, students, research scholars, faculty, and R&D professionals who are working in electrochemistry, solid-state science, material science, ionics, power sources, and renewable energy storage fields.

Autorentext

Inamuddin, PhD, is an assistant professor at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and is also an assistant professor in the Department of Applied Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. He has published about 150 research articles in various international scientific journals, 18 book chapters, and 60 edited books with multiple well-known publishers. Rajender Boddula, PhD, is currently working for the Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative (CAS-PIFI) at the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST, Beijing). He has numerous honors, book chapters, and academic papers to his credit and is an editorial board member and a referee for several reputed international peer-reviewed journals. Abdullah M. Asiri is the Head of the Chemistry Department at King Abdulaziz University and the founder and Director of the Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR). He holds multiple patents, has authored ten books, more than one thousand publications in international journals, and multiple book chapters.

Klappentext
Edited by one of the most well-respected and prolific engineers in the world and his team, this is the most thorough, up-to-date, and comprehensive volume on potassium-ion batteries available today. Battery technology is constantly changing, and the concepts and applications of these changes are rapidly becoming increasingly more important as more and more industries and individuals continue to make "greener" choices in their energy sources. As global dependence on fossil fuels slowly wanes, there is a heavier and heavier importance placed on cleaner power sources and methods for storing and transporting that power. Battery technology is a huge part of this global energy revolution. Potassium-ion batteries were first introduced to the world for energy storage in 2004, over two decades after the invention of lithium-ion batteries. Potassium-ion (or "K-ion") batteries have many advantages, including low cost, long cycle life, high energy density, safety, and reliability. Potassium-ion batteries are the potential alternative to lithium-ion batteries, fueling a new direction of energy storage research in many applications and across industries. Potassium-ion Batteries: Materials and Applications explores the concepts, mechanisms, and applications of the next-generation energy technology of potassium-ion batteries. Also included is an in-depth overview of energy storage materials and electrolytes. This is the first book on this technology and serves as a reference guide for electrochemists, chemical engineers, students, research scholars, faculty, and R&D professionals who are working in electrochemistry, solid- state science, material science, ionics, power sources, and renewable energy storage fields. This outstanding new volume:

• Covers the basic research and application approaches to potassium-ion batteries
• Explores challenges and future directions of potassium-ion batteries
• Outlines the influences of electrodes and electrolytes for enhanced performance
• Includes all types of energy storage materials in a single volume

Inhalt
Preface xiii

1 Phosphorous-Based Materials for K-Ion Batteries 1
*Maryam Meshksar, Fatemeh Afshariani, and Mohammad Reza Rahimpour*

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Principles of Potassium-Ion Batteries 5

1.2.1 Cathode Materials 6

1.2.2 Anode Materials 6

1.2.2.1 Carbon-Based Materials 8

1.2.2.2 Alloy-Based Anode Materials 9

1.3 Conclusions 13

List of Abbreviations 14

References 14

2 Antimony-Based Electrodes for Potassium Ion Batteries 19
*S. Bharadwaj, M. Chaitanya Varma and Ramesh Singampalli*

2.1 Introduction 19

2.2 Insight of Experimental Method 21

2.2.1 Synthesis Methods 21

2.2.2 Characterization Tools 22

2.2.3 Measurement Techniques 22

2.3 KIB as Batteries 23

2.3.1 Progress in KIB 23

2.4 Use of Antimony (Sb) Based K-Ion Batteries (KIB) 24

2.4.1 What Is Antimony? 24

2.4.2 Structure of Antimony Based KIB 25

2.4.3 Antimony Used in KIBs 25

2.4.4 Research Based on KSb Ion Batteries in the Last 5 Years 27

2.5 DFT Studies 32

2.6 Future Perceptive and Challenges 34

References 36

3 K-Ion Battery Practical Application Toward Grid-Energy Storage 43
*Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi, Maryam Zarei, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi, Chin Wei Lai and Sonia Bahrani*

3.1 Introduction 44

3.2 Intercalation Reaction 50

3.3 Cathode Materials 60

3.3.1 Layered Metal Oxides 60

3.3.2 Prussian Blue Analogs 62

3.3.3 Polyanionic-Based Compounds 65

3.3.4 Organic Materials 68

3.4 Anode Materials 70

3.4.1 Carbon-Based Materials 70

3.4.2 Non-Carbonaceous Materials 73

3.4.3 Alloy-Based Materials 76

3.4.4 Organic Anodes 78

3.5 Electrolyte and Binder 81

3.6 Conclusions 83

References 83

4 Mn-Based Materials for K-Ion Batteries 99
*Pallavi Jain, Palak Pant, Sapna Raghav and Dinesh Kumar*

4.1 Introduction 100

4.2 Anode Material 104

4.3 Cathode Materials 105

4.3.1 Manganese Layered Compounds 106

4.3.2 Manganese Based Multi-Layered Compounds 108

4.3.3 Prussian Blue Analogs 110

4.4 Electrolyte 112

4.5 Perspectives 112

4.6 Conclusion 114

Acknowledgment 115

References 115

5 Electrode Materials for K-Ion Batteries and Applications 123
*M. Prakash, N. Suresh Kumar, K. Chandra Babu Naidu, M.S.S.R.K.N. Sarma, Prasun Banerjee, R. Jeevan Kumar, Ramyakrishna Pothu and Rajender Boddula*

5.1 Introduction 124

5.1.1 Why Batteries? 124

5.1.2 Background of Rechargeable Batteries 125

5.1.3 Classification of Batteries 125

5.1.4 Potassium Ion Battery 127

5.2 Conclusions 133

References 134

6 Active Materials for Flexible K-Ion Batteries 137
*Prasun Banerjee, Adolfo Franco Jr, K. Chandra Babu Naidu, D. Baba Basha, Ramyakrishna Pothu and Rajender Boddula*

6.1 Introduction 138

6.2 Flexible Prussian Blue 138

6.3 Flexible Carbon Nanotube/Prussian Blue 139

6.4 Flexible Film From the Trace of Pencil 140

6.5 Flexible Carbon Nanofiber Mat 141

6.6 Flexible SeS2Porous Carbon 141

6.7 Flexible ReS2Nanofiber Carbon 142

6.8 Conclusions 143

Acknowledgments 144

References 144

7 Hollow Nanostructures for K-Ion Batteries 147
*Peetam Mandal and Mitali Saha*

7.1 Introduction 147

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